导航菜单
首页 >  » 正文

中西语言文化的差异主要表现在哪些方面 跨文化交流的重要性和意义分别是什么?

中西语言文化的差异主要表现在哪些方面

1、语音的差异
语音分为语调、音调、音节。中国语调有感叹、疑问、陈述等。单从语调就可听出是问话还是感叹。音调包括“一声,二声,三声,四声,轻声”。西方的语言文字是要讲究开音节、闭音节的,包括轻音节、重音节,并且有单音节、多音节。这些特征决定了根本上的差异。
2、语形的差异
字的结构上更是上下、左右、包围、半包围,像建筑结构,通透看是立体互通,形象彰显,自身融入自然界,达互通互构之效其自然性特征,而西方的文字则非立体性结构,只是一种流线型的符号化了的字母、文字,没有象形可言,那些曲曲折折、玩玩画画的符号,人文性强,有逻辑联系,强调的是一种智力的运行规律、轨迹。

造成中西方文化差异的原因:
首先是因为中西方文化起源的源头不同,吃饭的家伙不一样,所以思维方式也不一样。东西方所处的环境是完全不一样的,农耕文化和大河文化对中国文化有诸多影响。中国人在古代的时候为更好的耕种,更多的是在依附河流群居为生,因此相对于西方文化的起源地,中国文化的起源地更多的是在土地肥沃适合耕种的地方诞生。
而西方的起源地主要是发源于多岛屿的地方,像爱琴海,环海等,因为西方所处的地域与中国所处的地域不同,西方主要是以海洋文化为主,西方的土地不像中国能耕种的土地那么集中,受到当地气候原因的限制,故而农业并没有像中国的农业那么发达,在没有相对符合农业发展的前提下,西方人不得不转为发展商业,所以这是中西方文化差异的根本原因之一。

跨文化交流的重要性和意义分别是什么?

重要性:跨文化交流是全球一体化的时代特征,研究不同文化背景形成的价值取向、思维方式的差异,研究不同社会结构导致的角色关系、行为规范的差异,研究不同民族习俗所积淀的文化符号、代码系统的差异,研究不同交际情景制约的语言规则、交际方式的差异。
所有这些研究不但要进行深入的理论探究,还要注重实际的应用研究,这样才能使这门学科更科学、更完善、更丰满,从而更好地为这个时代服务。
意义:
1、发展共感,消除文化中心主义。共感就是设身处地地体味他人的苦乐和际遇,从而产生情感上的共鸣。不同文化归属的人之所以不容易沟通,往往是由于对具体文化现象的理解不同。在跨文化沟通中,如果缺乏共感,不能正确理解和评价他人的价值观,缺乏共同的背景。
2、发展双向沟通,沟通是一个循环的相互影响的过程,这个过程包括信息发出者、接受者和信息本身。沟通实际上就是信息的编码、解码和诊释的过程。
由于文化差异的存在,使来自不同文化背景的人在诊释从另一种文化中传来的信息时总是按自己的文化背景加以理解,从而导致对对方信息理解的不准确,进而做出错误的判断和决策。
3、帮助了解自己,就是要识别那些我们大家都具有的态度、意见和倾向性的简单行为,这些态度不仅帮助决定我们说什么、怎么说,也有助于决定我们听取别人说什么。隐藏在内心深处的先入为主,是引起跨文化沟通诸多问题的重要原因,也是种种矛盾和冲突的根源。

扩展资料:
跨文化交际的途径多种多样。可以是语言符号的交际,也可以是非语言符号的交际,如商品、画报、实物、影像、演出到其他物化形式符号的交际;可以是现场的双向交际,也可以是通过媒介的单向交际,如电视、广播、报刊、广告等传播方式的交际。
可以是口语交际,也可以是书面交际,如信函、公文等的来往。从对外汉语专业来看,我们着眼的主要是实时的口语交际,即双方面对面的交谈。此外也包括伴随口语交际而可能发生的书面语交际,即文字传播方式的交际。
参考资料:搜狗百科-跨文化交际

中西方文化差异英语作文80字

存在决定意识,文化属意识的范畴。中西方文化最明显的差异-饮食,我们用筷子,他们用刀叉,为什么?我们食用得主要成分是植物类食物,他们食用得主要成分是动物肉类。人们食用的食物不同,食用得方法各异,吸收得营养成分不一样;由此衍生出思维模式的差异,思维模式出现有差距,文化作为群体意识必然不同。为什么会出现这种差异,其根源,是中国人与西方人同宗,不同种。
可能是谬论,请参考。

中西家庭文化差异英语作文

中西文化差异 英语作文
优质解答
The culture differences between the East and West
As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system.For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America.
It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.What is more,the custom of drinking tea in China and drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly.However,there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture.For example,the coffee and bread have introduced to China.The famous KFC is very popular at children.
The gap of teaching system between China and America is big.Chinese students always complain about their homework.Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax.They have to recite many things as to get a high mark.Homework comes the first to them.
In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life not to emphasis on the importances of memories.In a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I should say that Chima government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I am also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheersto our country.

关于中西方文化差异的英文小对话(5分钟左右)(带汉语备注的)

A: Excuse me, do you have time?

B: Sorry, I dont have time.

A: I am sorry, but you have your watch.

B: I have a watch doesnt mean I have time.

A: I mean what time is it now

B: Sorry. I thought you ask me for a date. Its 9:00 am.

A: Thank you.

B: You are welcome.

(The story happened one day while I was on my way to school at the bus stop)

A: Hi sir, do you have transformer here?

B: You mean Transformer 2 or what? But, Madam, we dont sell CD here.

A: No, sir, I mean an isolation transformer.

B: Or, I thought you want to buy the CD called "Transformer", I thought you want the movie.

A: No.

B: What do you want to use it for?

A: For building a circuit, a Flyback converter circuit.

B: But, I dont think we have it. How about the converter. We have it here.

A: Thanks, but I need the isolation transformer to finish my circuit for our project.

B: What project? Wo~, let me go to the storage to find it for ya!

A: (Waiting)

B:(10 minites, going out with big transformer) Is this the one for your project?

A: No. Our circuit is small, but the transformer is huge. It will not fit.

B: I thought you are doing a big project for a company.

A: No, no, no. I am going a small project for school.

B: O, wait, please.

B(turns to C): Do we have isolation transformer for small circuit?

C: Yes, (then he found a small audio isolation transformer out).

A: Thanks.

.......................

(The story happened @ one of the electrical stores in U.S.

A: a student of UW

B and C: sale people of that electrical store.)