在英系教育制度中博士没有必修的课程，再加上文科博士往往都是独立研究，一名博士生有2-3名导师，根据学生与导师研究方向上的匹配程度，系里会明确每位导师负责的比重，一个学生有来自不同系的导师也很常见。一般导师有主副之分，主导师算往往在其领域内也小有名气；副导师则是一位工作热情十足的“引路人”。

导师的英文是supervisor，直接翻译是“监督人”，字面上并没有“教”和“师”的含义；在这里，如果想问对方的导师是谁，很普遍的方式是“Who are you working with？”(你和谁一起工作)。这是我体验到的澳大利亚师生关系与国内最大的不同——导师更像同事，是工作上的前辈，明确地处于“公私界限”中“公”的那一边。

还有一些需要注意的，导师的英语表达：supervisor(论文导师）,注意tutor是不对的！tutor在大学里面相当于国内的辅导员，比助教还低一个档次的教师。sometimes use the word advisor,but supervisor is formal.助教： tutor讲师 lecturer教授 professor导师supervisor博士生导师：doctoral supervisor或者是PHD supervisor另：博导 Ph.D supervisor ; doctoral advisor导师：supervisor， advisor------------------------------------------------------------How to say "师兄"During a delightful meeting with some readers last week at Beijing Institute of Technology, a student from Renmin University of China asked: "How to say '师兄/师姐' in English?"That's a good question."师兄/师姐", or "师弟/师妹"，is from Chinese martial arts culture. Fellows learning from the same master (师父) are "senior/junior male/female fellow apprentices". As the saying goes, "The master teaches the trade, but the apprentice's skill is self-made" (师父领进门，修行在个人).On campus these words refer to students who're studying in or have graduated from the same major at the same university. "Alumnus" (校友) may be the closest word in English. But a sentence like "John and I are both alumni of Ohio University" indicates both John and the speaker have graduated.So, to translate "师兄师姐" into English, we have to describe instead of using single words.Several suggestions are:* "We're both majoring in business at Ohio University." (我们是在俄亥俄大学学商务的同门。)* "She shares the same major as me but is senior/junior to me." (她是跟我同专业的师姐/师妹。)* "He's in my same major but a year ahead." (他是跟我同专业的上届师兄。)* "He's in my major but a year below/behind me." (他是跟我同专业的下届师弟。)