2. Who is Mr. Johnson according to the speakers?
[A] Their former colleague. [B] Their former neighbor.
[C] Their former teacher. [D] Their former client.
【答案】B
【解析】由“He used to live in the building next to ours.”可以得出答案。
3. What are the speakers talking about?
[A] A job interview. [B] A reporter’s work.
[C] How to impress people. [D] How to handle an interview.
【答案】A
【解析】由“I've just been interviewed for a reporter's job”可以得出答案。
4. How many flights to Sydney will there be next Tuesday afternoon?
[A] One. [B] Two. [C] Four. [D] Five.
【答案】B
【解析】由“there is a flight at 6: 45 and one at 18: 00”可以得出答案。
5. What did the man’s teacher tell him to do?
[A] Polish his essay. [B] Hand in his essay.
[C] Rewrite his essay. [D] Write a shorter essay
【答案】C
【解析】由“She told me to do it all over again.”可以得出答案。
6. What can we learn about the woman’s son?
[A] He often talks with his mother. [B] He often drives in a careless way.
[C] He is willing to listen to his mother. [D] He is worried about his driving skills.
【答案】B
【解析】由“I'm worried about my son at driving, but he won't listen to me.”可以得出答案。
7. What do we know about Jack?
[A] He is a company manager. [B] He makes emergency calls.
[C] He records emergency calls. [D] He is a company technician.
【答案】D
【解析】由“he is the only technician available to go out and deal with them”可以得出答案。
8. What can we learn from this conversation?
[A] The woman is paying the bill.
[B] Bill’s phone number is 510-1520-20.
[C] The man pays 20 dollars to the woman.
[D] The woman has a 20-dollar bill changed.
【答案】D
【解析】由“change the bill for me； OK, 20.”可以得出答案。
9. What does the woman mean?
[A] The dentist’s is at a convenient place.
[B] The dentist’s is close to Times Square.
[C] It was comfortable to sit at the dentist’s.
[D] It was not so terrible a visit to the dentist’s.
【答案】D
【解析】由“I got a terrific view of Times Square down below. He finished the job before I knew it.”可以得出答案。
10. What do we know about the woman?
[A] She is going to deliver a lecture.
[B]She spent a year in the rain forest.
[C] She is looking forward to the lecture.
[D] She will finish her report this weekend. 【答案】C
【解析】由“Great. Maybe I can get some new information to add to it”可以得出答案。
Part B
Directions: You will hear four dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear the recording only once.
Questions 11-13 are based on the following conversation between a reporter and a female writer.
11. What do we know about the woman’s family?
[A] They kept a lot of birds. [B] They lived in a big house.
[C] They owned a small farm. [D] They suffered from poverty.
【答案】D
【解析】由“Though we were poor for most of part”可以得出答案。
12. What did the woman’s mother impress her with?
[A] Her love. [B] Her success.
[C] Her ambition. [D] Her knowledge.
【答案】A
【解析】由“I think her greatest contribution was simply that she loved me very much.”可以得出答案。
13. What did the woman's mother wish her to do?
[A] Go to college. [B] Become a writer.
[C] Have a better life. [D] Support her family
【答案】C
【解析】由“She just wanted me to be able to do things that she couldn't do even she didn't know what they were. ”可以得出答案。
Questions 14- 17 are based on the following conversation.
14. Whom is the man probably complaining to?
[A] A receptionist. [B] A travel agent.
[C] A coach driver. [D] A hotel staff member.
【答案】B
【解析】由“make a complaint about my holiday in Paris”可以得出答案。
15. Why did the man wait in the heat for two hours?
[A] The coach had to be replaced. [B] The coach driver felt sick.
[C] The hotel rooms were full. [D] The hotel had to be cleaned.
【答案】A
【解析】由“the coach taking us to the hotel broke down and we had to wait for over 2 hours in the terrible heat before our replacement arrived”可以得出答案。
16. What did the man mention in his complaint?
[A] Impolite hotel cleaners. [B] Dark light and dirty rooms.
[C] Rude people living downstairs. [D] Disturbing noise and poor food
【答案】D
【解析】由“The people in room above sounded like they were having all night parties every night. And the worst thing was the food in the restaurant was awful.”可以得出答案。
17. How did the man feel about the woman’s apology?
[A] Amusing. [B] Annoying. [C] Desirable. [D] Reasonable.
【答案】B
【解析】由“A 20% discount? You must be joking. I want to see the manager.”可以得出答案。
Questions 18-21 are based on the following interview with John Smith, chairman of National Weight and Health Association (NWHA).
18. What did the NWHA survey aim to explore?
[A] The incidences of obesity. [B] Popular views on obesity
[C] Ways to fight obesity. [D] The causes of obesity.
【答案】B
【解析】由“We wanted to explore how people around the world view obesity or being overweight.”可以得出答案。
19. How many people in the world are rated as being overweight?
[A] 16 million. [B] 18 million. [C] 1.6 billion. [D] 1.8 billion.
【答案】C
【解析】由“We interviewed 16 000 people in 16 countries.”可以得出答案。
20. In which country do people feel the most pressure to be thin?
[A] Brazil. [B] India. [C] France. [D] America.
【答案】A
【解析】由“people in Brazil feel the most pressure to be thin”可以得出答案。
21. Who are most likely to blame their parents for obesity?
[A] The French. [B] The Swiss. [C] Germans. [D] Russians.
【答案】D
【解析】由“Russians are most likely to blame their parents for obesity.”可以得出答案。
Questions 22-25 are based on the following interview with Emily Galash, a high school student who works part-time as a trendspotter.
22. What do trendspotters do?
[A] Take pictures of youth culture.
[B] Write reports on youth culture.
[C] Sell products to young people.
[D] Create websites for young people.
【答案】A
【解析】由“Take digital photos of youth culture and send them to my company.”可以得出答案。
23. What does Look-Look concentrate on?
[A] Recruiting trendspotters for its clients.
[B] Providing advice to young trendspotters.
[C] Organizing sales networks for its clients.
[D] Dealing in information about youth trends.
【答案】D
【解析】由“It's a youth culture marketing and trend forecasting film in Hollywood； Look-Look gets a lot of information about the ever shifting tastes of the youth market by these images.”可以得出答案。
24. Why do some companies use Look-Look’s images on their websites?
[A] To promote visits to Look-Look.com.
[B] To attract young people to their new products.
[C] To learn about what makes young people buy.
[D] To encourage young people to be photographed.
【答案】B
【解析】由“They also use their images of Look-Look on their websites to impress young people and promote their newly designed products.”可以得出答案。
25. Why is it difficult for trendspotters to catch original styles?
[A] Many young people like to show off.
[B] Many young people stick to the rules.
[C] Many young people try to copy trends.
[D] Many young people refuse to take pictures.
【答案】C
【解析】由“You have to be able to find the difference between someone who is copying trends and someone who is truly inventing a new look.”可以得出答案。
You now have 3 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to your ANSWER SHEET.
That is the end of listening section.
SECTION Ⅱ Reading (50 minutes)
Part A
Directions: Read the following two texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
Text 1
In 1997, 25 Japanese citizens, all older than 60, launched Jeeba ( the name means “ old man and old woman”）to make senior-friendly products. They knew they were making history when they coined their company motto： “Of the elderly, by the elderly and for the elderly.” They do not hire young people, and the oldest of their workers is 75.
Firms run by senior citizens are still a rarity, in Japan and worldwide. But the elderly have numbers on their side. Healthier and longer-living seniors, born immediately after World War Ⅱ, are reaching retirement age in huge numbers all over the developed world. Extremely low birthrates in those same countries mean there are far fewer young workers to take their place. One likely consequence is now clear: shrinking work forces.
While the streamlining effects of international competition are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good jobs, those fears will eventually give way to worries about the growing shortage of young workers. One unavoidable solution: putting older people back to work, whether they like it or not. Indeed, advanced economies like those of Finland and Denmark have already raised their retirement ages. Others are under severe pressure to follow suit, as both the European Commission and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development have recently warned their members that their future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from the elderly.
Whether these changes are good or bad news to workers depends on whether they anticipate retirement with eagerness or dread. In the United States, half of working-age Americans now expect to work into their 70s, whether by financial necessity or by lifestyle choice, according to a new study by Putnam Investments.
Contrary to still widespread assumptions, there is very little hard evidence to suggest that companies cannot stay competitive with a rising share of older workers. At British hardware chain B&Q, its “elder worker” stores in Manchester and Exmouth were 18 percent more profitable than its regular outlets—due in part, the company says, to six times less employee turnover and 60 percent less shoplifting and breakage.
26. Jeeba's difference from a conventional company mainly lies in ________.
[A] the age of its employees [B] the number of its owners
[C] the quality of its products [D] the scope of its operations
【答案】A
【解析】由“They do not hire young people, and the oldest of their workers is 75.”可以得出答案。
27. In the developed world, compared with young people, the elderly________.
[A] are better at business [B] are greater in number
[C] have healthier lifestyles [D] have more job opportunities
【答案】B
【解析】由“Extremely low birthrates in those same countries mean there are far fewer young workers to take their place.”可以得出答案。
28. According to the writer, in the current situation companies are faced with the tough task of ________.
[A] creating good positions [B] employing retired workers
[C] filling vacant positions [D] replacing unskilled workers
【答案】B
【解析】由“those fears will eventually give way to worries about the growing shortage of young workers. One unavoidable solution: putting older people back to work, whether they like it or not.”可以得出答案。
29. For future prosperity, many European countries will have to ________.
[A] increase the number of young workers
[B] offer many senior-friendly jobs
[C] improve services for seniors
[D] raise their retirement ages
【答案】D
【解析】由“Indeed, advanced economies like those of Finland and Denmark have already raised their retirement ages. ; their future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from the elderly.”可以得出答案。
30. B&Q's “elder worker” stores are mentioned to show that the employment of older workers ________.
[A] does not reduce a company’s competitiveness
[B] does not affect older workers’ lifestyle choices
[C] is not a usual practice among competitive firms
[D] is not good news to those who are eager to retire
【答案】A
【解析】由“were 18 percent more profitable than its regular outlets”可以得出答案。
Text 2
One important thing during the pre-Christmas rush at our house was the arrival of my daughter’s kindergarten report card. She got high praise for her reading, vocabulary and overall enthusiasm. On the other hand, we learnt that she has work to do on her numbers and facility with the computer, though the detailed handwritten report her teachers prepared is absent of any words that might be interpreted as negative in describing her efforts. A number system indicates how she’s measuring up in each area without any mention of passing or failing.
All of which seems to make my daughter’s school neither fish nor fowl when it comes to the debate over the merits of giving formal grades to kids. At one level, the advantages and disadvantages are obvious. A grade system provides a straightforward standard by which to measure how your child is progressing at school—and how he or she is getting on compared to other children. But as writer Sue Ferguson notes, “Grades can deceive.” The aim should be “to measure learning, not simply what a student can recall on a test.” The two aren’t the same---and if you doubt that as an adult, ask yourself whether you could sit down without any preparation and still pass those high-school-level examinations.
If you're old enough, you’ve lived through this debate before. At one time, it was considered unfair to put children in direct competition with one another if it could be avoided. The intention behind that may have been good, but it ignored the fact that competition, and the will to come out on top, are essential components of the human condition.
This time around, educators working with a no-grades approach are emphasizing different reasons. The thing is, that approach is much more commonplace in the adult workplace than is the traditional pass-fail system we place on our children. Many workplaces conduct regular employee evaluations. There are usually fairly strict limits to what an employer can tell an employee in those evaluations—and even then, negative evaluations can be challenged by the employee. No matter where you sit in the debate over the grade system, then, the real question is this: if it’s so good for kids, why isn’t that also true for adults?
31. The school report indicates that the writer’s daughter_______.
[A] lacks interest in her school work
[B] ranks among the best at language
[C] has some trouble with her handwriting
[D] needs to improve in math and computer skills
【答案】D
【解析】由“she has work to do on her numbers and facility with the computer”可以得出答案。
32. We can learn that the girl, s school tries to deliver the report________.
[A] in a positive way [B] in a scientific way
[C] in an attractive way [D] in an enthusiastic way
【答案】A
【解析】由“though the detailed handwritten report her teachers prepared is absent of any words that might be interpreted as negative in describing her efforts”可以得出答案。
33. Sue Ferguson seems dissatisfied with the grade system for its focus on_______.
[A] the process of getting the knowledge
[B] the capability of memorizing for the test
[C] the procedure of measuring learning
[D] the standard of comparing schools
【答案】B
【解析】由“The aim should be “to measure learning, not simply what a student can recall on a test.”可以得出答案。
34. The writer would agree that cutting children off from competition is ________.
[A] fit for human development [B] fit for their age and experience
[C] against a key part of human nature [D] out of consideration for children
【答案】C
【解析】由“but it ignored the fact that competition, and the will to come out on top, are essential components of the human condition”可以得出答案。
35. It can be learned that today's educators supporting the no-grades approach insist that________.
[A] kids be allowed to challenge the negative evaluations
[B] the traditional teacher-student relationship be changed
[C] the evaluation system for kids be similar to that for adults
[D] strict rules be set up in evaluating school children
【答案】B
【解析】由“that approach is much more commonplace in the adult workplace than is the traditional pass-fail system we place on our children; if it’s so good for kids”可以得出答案。
Part B
Directions: Read the texts from a magazine in which five people voice their different opinions in response to an article on the issue of praising. For questions 36-40, match the name of each person to one of the statements (A-G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. Mike：
Praise often and sincerely---it’s as simple as that. Employees want to feel needed and appreciated. By offering sincere praise with examples about what they did right, you’ll go far in creating an energetic team. Meanwhile, I don’t agree with the assertion that “to focus on what needs improving isn’t good management.” In fact, it’s the balance of praise along with constructive criticism that drives employees to work smarter and reach higher.
36. Mike_________
[A]Praise combined with criticism is helpful.
[B]Praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.
[C]Employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.
[D]Let employees know exactly for what they are praised.
[E]In my opinion, we are not generous enough to give praise.
[F]Employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.
[G]Money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.
【答案】A
【解析】由“In fact, it’s the balance of praise along with constructive criticism that drives employees to work smarter and reach higher.（事实上，表扬以及建设性批评之间的平衡促使员工更加聪明地工作、达到更高水准。）”可知。
Frank：
This article makes a valid point that needs to be understood, especially for the new generation of workers, my generation. We don’t see ourselves as parts in the machine to be put in the dark to work. My generation needs respect in return from our employer, we need to feel appreciated beyond just a pay check, it’s the difference between being fulfilled at our career and being sad at our job.
37. Frank_________
[A]Praise combined with criticism is helpful.
[B]Praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.
[C]Employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.
[D]Let employees know exactly for what they are praised.
[E]In my opinion, we are not generous enough to give praise.
[F]Employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.
[G]Money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.
【答案】G
【解析】由“we need to feel appreciated beyond just a pay check（除了一份工资单，员工还需要被赏识）”可知。
Joyce：
One skill missing in today’s workplace is the ability to build effective business relationships. At the core of that relationship is the need for consistent feedback. “How am I doing?” is a question that should be answered consistently. When you tell an employee once a year what is needed to improve, you have not done your job as a leader---build skills, provide feedback and help the employee grow and develop.
38. Joyce_________
[A]Praise combined with criticism is helpful.
[B]Praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.
[C]Employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.
[D]Let employees know exactly for what they are praised.
[E]In my opinion, we are not generous enough to give praise.
[F]Employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.
[G]Money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.
【答案】F
【解析】由“When you tell an employee once a year what is needed to improve, you have not done your job as a leader（当你在一年之中只告诉一个员工一次其应该改进的方面，你并没有做好作为一个领导者的工作）”可知。
Ellen：
I don’t see a problem with praising employees when it’s truly deserved (insincere praise is entirely different story). It’s a cost-free “benefit”, if you will, in that it allows employees to see that their efforts are both noticed and valued. In the work world there are always people available to tell that you are doing something wrong and far too few occasions when employees are told that they’ve done something right!
39. Ellen_________
[A]Praise combined with criticism is helpful.
[B]Praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.
[C]Employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.
[D]Let employees know exactly for what they are praised.
[E]In my opinion, we are not generous enough to give praise.
[F]Employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.
[G]Money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.
【答案】E
【解析】由“In the work world there are always people available to tell that you are doing something wrong and far too few occasions when employees are told that they’ve done something right!（在工作中，总有人告诉你做错了什么事，但这样的情况却极其少有：员工们被告知他们做了正确的事。）”可知。
Diana：
Praise what the employee did. Be specific about why it was helpful. An employee who continually earns your praise also deserves your attention as to how else to reward their behavior. Meaningful praise encourages people beyond anything else. Written comments are available for later review. They give them confidence that they can “do it again.” I never regretted praising an employee who deserved it but often kicked myself for missing an opportunity.
40. Diana_________
[A]Praise combined with criticism is helpful.
[B]Praise can bring about many kinds of desired behavior.
[C]Employees may feel it hard to accept insincere praise.
[D]Let employees know exactly for what they are praised.
[E]In my opinion, we are not generous enough to give praise.
[F]Employees need helpful advice on a regular basis.
[G]Money alone cannot guarantee a sense of career fulfillment for me.
【答案】D
【解析】由“Praise what the employee did. Be specific about why it was helpful.（表扬员工所做的事。具体说明其所作所为为什么是有帮助的）”可知。
Part C
Directions: Read the following text from which five sentences have been removed. Choose from the sentences A-G the most suitable one to fill each numbered gap in the text (41-45). There are TWO extra sentences that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.
At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father’s business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7:30 a. m., until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said, “There’s nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you’ll find a new home in our hospital." Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the ways his employees worked too.
He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. _____41_____ “Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone.”
41._________
[A]This saved money and brought more equality to the company.
[B]He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.
[C]And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.
[D]Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.
[E]If someone isn’t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.
[F] Also, Semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.
[G] After years of hard-working, he tired.
【答案】A
【解析】他允许他们制定自己的薪水，他削减了所有他认为不必要的工作，比如前台接待员和秘书。此举节省了开支且为公司带来了