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【全】历年高考英语语法填空真题2014-20212021年英语高考全国甲卷（考区：四川、云南、贵州、广西、西藏）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines.2021年全国高考乙卷英语试题第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.2020 年全国卷IChina has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) -- the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess -- 61(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is62(extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot63it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular64(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so65the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-466(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it67(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon68(construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how69ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether70(it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.2020 年全国卷IIDeorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a61(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers62(carry) special significance. They represent the earth63(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more64decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times65(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office.66(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated67health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy68(care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The69(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are70first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.2020 年全国卷IIIIn ancient China lived an artist 61.________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62.________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. 63.___________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River - perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with 64.________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65._______ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66._________ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67.________ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved. 68.________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue; And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69._________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70._____ earth, Mother Nature.2019 年全国卷IThe polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence61they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been62(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods63tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive64(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut65(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a66(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by67(note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are68(high) than they actually are. Of69nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six70(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 165+122019全国卷IIA 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for61（be）Britain’s oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,62she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have63 （final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene64 （declare）she had no plans65（retire） from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I66 （make）over the years. I work not because I have to,67because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call68 （say）she was short-listed, we thought it was69joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s70(wonder）.” 190+122019年全国卷IIIOn our way to the house，it was raining61hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take62 --- （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack63dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters64had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and65 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting66（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many67 ______（tradition）stories about Hawaii that were68 ____ （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we69 （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 ___ （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 163+122018·全国卷ⅠAccording to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61.(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 62.(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63_____ (die) early by running.While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 64 _____ (be) more effective at lengthening life 65_____ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 69____________ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70a try. 175+112018·全国卷ⅡDiets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61. (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62. past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63. (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64. (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65. rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66. (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67. (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68. (start) a soil-testing program 69. gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70. (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 184+122018·全国卷ⅢI'm not sure 61is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63(loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 65_________ (challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69(mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch. 186+111. （2017全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side62(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required63(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As65result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by68(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70is not good for the health.2. （2017全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.3. （2017全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________(rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 __________ model in New York.Sarah63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66_________ (educate).She has turned down several67_______ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68___________ engineering or architecture.Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 ___________ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 _________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more."

4. （2016全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61____(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62________（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63_________(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64________ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_________ I was the first Western TV reporter__66_______ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67______(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68____ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69______( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.5. （2016全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别）those of61___ ____ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of62 ________ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow63 ___ (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive 65_____ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent66(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks67 ______ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for68while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely 69_____(bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is,70_______(make )sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.6. （2016全国卷Ⅲ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,41Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43________ (create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 ____________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47_____________-lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48________ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49___________ (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat50____________ their hands.7. （2015全国Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I__61______(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62_____, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_____ (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_______(painting). Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66____________ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo__67________(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68_____________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _69___________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70____________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.8. （2015全国卷Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 ______（build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even62 ________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their63______ (able) to “air condition” a house without64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat65 ________( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough66 _______ (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 _______________ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle68 ___________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As69 __________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly70 _________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.9. （2014全国卷Ⅰ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It __61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 _________ (patience)10. （2014全国Ⅱ）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __41___ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and ___43__(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____45___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____47___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“____48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s ____49___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 50 ________(sudden) became friendly to one another.2021年英语高考全国甲卷（考区：四川、云南、贵州、广西、西藏）：【答案】41. was built42. in43. to walk44. spending45. better46. hiredbut48. the49. watchtowers50. daily2021年全国高考乙卷英语试题：【答案】61. educated62. development63. its64. until65. the66. of67. visiting68. financial69. activities70. to have2020 I 61. touched62. extremely63. where64. interest65. than66. to find67. means68. is constructed 69. much70. its2020 II61. celebration62. carriesing64. than 65. decorated66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the2020 III61. whose62. finest63. be chosen64. curiosity65. When/As66. pointed67. to find68. gently 69. surrounding70. On2019 I61. that 62. poorly63. of/for 64. to perform 65. have reported66. belief67. noting 68. higher 69. the70. are2019 II 61. being62. which 63. finally 64. declared65. to retire66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful2019 III 61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who65. recommendedpetition67. traditional 68. hugely 69. were invited 70. listening2018 I61.longer62. to see 63. dying 64. is65. than66. that/which67. causes68. strengthen69. energetic70. it/running2018 II61. has grown62. the 63. actually 64. to improve 65. than66. pollution67. global 68. started 69. that/which 70. feeding2018 III 61. who 62. the 63. loudest64. looking65. challenged66. scientist 67. for 68. them69. meant 70. to stay1passage 1aseffectsto processare removedaworseiseatingcarefulwhichpassage 2crowdsfromlayingthewere usedfairlyitmanagedintroductionsuccessfulpassage 3restingahas been told/ was toldwhoto proveeducationinvitationsincomescertainlypassage 4attractionwas allowedofficiallytowhenpermittedintroducingitsdayspassage 5greaterachievementisonasstudiesregularlyato bringmakepassage 6andbe madeto createusingas/whengraduallywhodevelopmentwerewithpassage 7arrivedbefore/earlieritsthat/whichpaintingsbyisconductedregularlylivingpassage 8builttheabilityusingslowlyto coolatgoesnaturalhowpassage 9wasactuallytheorto reducecleanerthat/whichamazingchangespatientpassage 10beinganddisappointedtocaughtto stopridingDidme/minesuddenly

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