雅思（阅读）模拟试卷86(题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedon

ReadingPassage1below.ReducingelectricityconsumptionontheIsle

ofEiggBackgroundTheIsleofEiggissituatedofftheWestCoastofScotland,andis

reachedbyferryfromthemainland.Fortheislandcommunityofaboutahundred

residents,ithasalwaysbeenexpensivetoimportproducts,materialsandskilled

labourfromthemainland,andthishasencouragedacultureofself-sufficiencyand

carefuluseofresources.Today,althoughtheislandnowhasmostmodern

conveniences,CO2emissionsperhouseholdare20percentlowerthantheUK

average,andelectricityuseis50percentlower.WhenEiggdesigneditselectricitygrid,

whichwasswitchedoninFebruary2008,itquicklybecameapparentthatinorderto

keepthecapitalbuildingcostsdown,itwouldbenecessarytomanagedemand.This

wouldalsoallowtheislandtogeneratemostofitselectricityfromrenewablesources,

mainlywater,windandsolarpower.ThisgoalwasoverseenbytheEiggHeritage

Trust(EHT).ThetechnologyEiggmanageselectricitydemandmainlybycappingthe

instantaneouspowerthatcanbeusedtofivekilowatts(kW)forahouseholdandten

kWforabusiness.Ifusagegoesoverthelimit,theelectricitysupplyiscutoffandthe

maintenanceteammustbecalledtocomeandswitchitbackonagain.Allhouseholds

andbusinesseshaveenergymonitors,whichdisplaycurrentandcumulative

electricityusage,andsoundanalarmwhenconsumptionreachesauser-definedlevel,

usuallysetafewhundredwattsbelowtheactuallimit.TheresultisthatEigg

residentshaveakeensenseofhowmuchpowerdifferentelectricalappliancesuse,

andarecarefultomin