剑桥雅思5 test 1小作文考官范文解析 折线图（线状图） 这篇折线图描述了三个国家（日本，美国和瑞典）老年 […]

剑桥雅思5 test 1小作文考官范文解析 折线图（线状图）

这篇折线图描述了三个国家（日本，美国和瑞典）老年人口比例的变化趋势。除去一般折线图如何划分阶段的难点之外，这道题目还涉及到过去和未来的划分。尤其是过去与未来的分界点其实并无明显变化。如果以此为分界点的话，整篇文章的逻辑结构不好处理；但如果不以此为分界点的话，时态问题又是个大麻烦。下面让我们看看考官是如何解决这一问题的。

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The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The graph shows the increase in the aging population in Japan, Sweden, and the USA. It indicates that the percentage of elderly people in all three countries is expected to increase to almost 25% of the respective populations by the year 2040.

In 1940 the proportion of people aged 65 or more stood at only 5% in Japan, approximately 7% in Sweden and 9% in the US. However, this article is from Laokaoya website, while the figures for the Western countries grew to about 15% in around 1990, the figure for Japan dipped to only 2.5% for much of this period, before rising to almost 5% again at the present time.

In spite of some fluctuation in the expected percentages, the proportion of older people will probably continue to increase in the next two decades in the three countries. A more dramatic rise is predicted between 2030 and 2040 in Japan, by which time it is thought that the proportion of elderly people will be similar in the three countries.

Task achievement

1. 数据选取方面，文章选择了初始状态，1990年，以及结尾状态三个阶段。其中1990年的选取是因为该阶段日本老年人的比例从下降变为上升。换句话说，以后我们在看到折线图的时候，也可以从这三方面来叙述，即开头、结尾和转折点。

2. 文章第一自然段的第二句话概括了整个图表的特点。可见小作文中的总结句并不一定要在结尾，放在开头也可以。

3. 文章对数据进行了合理对比。第二自然段指出开始的时候美国和瑞典的数据上升并且较高，但日本数据先下降再上升，并且保持较低的水平。将美国和瑞典作为一个整体与日本相比。第三自然段先指出整体上升的趋势，然后再凸现日本上升的比较快。最后三个国家达到相似的水平。整篇文章既写明了三个国家的相同之处，又指出他们的差别。

Coherence and Cohesion

1. 文章逻辑结构合理。第一自然段转述题目，总结整体趋势。第二自然段以1990年之前的变化为主。第三自然段则以1990年以后以及未来的变化为主。

2. 使用了各种各样的