摘要：英语词汇学2018年10月真题试题及答案解析（00832），本试卷共51个小题，总共100分。

英语词汇学2018年10月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

英语词汇学2018年10月真题试题及答案解析（00832），本试卷共51个小题，总共100分。

一、单项选择题

Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)

1.Which of the following can NOT be defined as a word?

A.manB.forC.mentD.blackmail

2.The difference between sound and form are NOT due to___.

A.innovations made by linguistsB.stabilization of spelling by printingC.influence of the work of scribesD.the fact of more phonemes than letters in English

3.Words may fall into native words and borrowed words by___.

A.notionB.originC.functionD.use frequency

4.___means an old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new need.

A.BorrowingB.CreationC.Semantic changeD.Loaning

5.The language used between 1150 and 1500 is called___English.

A.OldB.MiddleC.ContemporaryD.Modern

6.In Middle English vocabulary, we can find words relating to every aspect of human society,e. g government, law, food, fashion and so on. Which of the following words does NOT belong to them?

A.wechatB.baconC.judgeD.power

7Structurally, many words can be separated into even smaller meaningful units. For example, denaturalization can be broken down into___.

A.de-, natura-, lize-, ationB.dena-, ture, ad, lize, ationC.de-, nature, al, ize, ationD.de-, natu, real, ize, ation

8.The morpheme of plurality /-s/ is pronounced as Is in cats, lzl in bags, and /iz/ in matches. This example shows___.

A.morphemes are abstract unitsB.allomorphs are phonetically conditioned and thus predictableC.morphs are actual spoken, minimal carriers of meaningD.monomorphemic words coincide with words and function freely in a sentence

9.Which of the following words is the example of free morphemes?

A.menB.teethC.workerD.anger

10.The following words have prefixes of time or order EXCEPT___.

A.bilingualB.ex-studentC.foretellD.post-election

11. “A green hand is an inexperienced person", not a hand that is green in color. This example shows that compounds are different from free phrases in_____feature.

A.phoneticB.semanticC.grammaticalD.lexical

12. Omnibus has given way to its shortened form bus. This is the example of _____in word formation.

A.acronymyB.clippingC.compoundingD.conversion

13._____, which is beyond language, is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.

A.ReferenceB.MotivationC.SenseD.Concept

14. The following words are onomatopoetically motivated EXCEPT_____.

A.blowB.quackC.miaowD.hiss

15.The meanings of many words often relate directly to their origins. In this sense, words have _____ motivation.

A.onomatopoeicB.morphologicalC.semanticD.etymological

16.From a synchronic point of view, the basic meaning of a word is the_____.

A.primary meaningB.derived meaningC.central meaningD.secondary meaning

17. Which of the following is NOT the derived meaning of the word face?

A.The front of the head.B.Outward aspectC.A surface ofa thing.D.The expression of the countenance.

18. Which of the following pairs are absolute synonyms?

A.large/tremendousB.stagger/reelC.alter/varyD.scarlet-fever/scarlatina

19. The process by which a word which originally had a specialized meaning has now become generalized is _____ of word meaning.

A.transferB.elevationC.narrowingD.extension

20._____ reason is reflected in the meaning change of the word computer, from "a person who computes" to "Electronic machine".

A.ClassB.HistoricalC.ScientificD.Psychological

21. Which of the following is the internal factor within the language system that causes changes in word-meaning?

A.AnalogyB.ContrastC.Historical reasonD.Psychological need

22. As most words have more than one meaning. it is often impossible to tell the meaning of a word before it is used in_____.

A.contextB.textsC.conversationD.writing

23. That the word do means different in "do a city", "do a sum" and "do the flowers" shows that,_____context affects the meaning of words.

A.extra-linguisticB.grammaticalC.lexicalD.semantic

24. Which of the following is NOT the role of context?

A.Elimination of ambiguityB.Indication of referentsC.Provision of clues for inferring word-meaningD.Simplification of meaning

25. Which of the following is a true idiom?

A.make friends withB.break silenceC.in the rawD.turn over a new leaf

26. Among the following idioms, “_____”. is an idiom adverbial in nature.

A.flesh and bloodB.up in the airC.as poor as a church mouseD.tooth and nail

27. Al of the following are stylistic features EXCEPT _____.

A.colloquialismsB.slangC.literary expressionsD.rhymes

28. In _____ the headword or entries are defined and illustrated in the same language.

A.monolingual dictionariesB.bilingual dictionariesC.linguistic dictionariesD.encyclopedia dictionaries

29. Usage notes and language notes in a dictionary explain the following EXCEPT____.

A.important British and American differencesB.difficult points of grammar and styleC.information concerning the origins of wordsD.the sight difference between words of similar meanings

30. The flowing are some unique features of Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary (1987) EXCEPT_____.

A.definitionB.extra columnC.usage examplesD.clear grammar codes

二、填空题

Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (15%)

11. It is generally agreed that the written form of a natural language is the written record of the_____ form.

12. After the Romans, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons, and Jutes came and dominated the British lsles. Now people generally refer to Anglo Saxon as English.

13. Morphemes which are independent of other morphemes are _____ morphemes.

14. Comic means "of comedy", while comical means "funny. This example shows that both -tie and -ical can be affixed to the some stem, but differ in_____.

15. The sense of an expression is is place in a system of___ relationship with other expressions in the language.

16. Words like bear which means both "a large heavy animal" and "to put up with" are called_____.

17. The process by which the word wife used to mean "woman", but now means“a married woman" is_____of word-meaning.

18. Linguistic context includes_____context, where the meanings of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs.

19.Unlike fee phrases, the structure of an idiom is to a large extent_____， as is shown in the idiom "in a brown study", which cannot be changed into "in a brown hall”.

110. For beginners, and elementary and lower-intermediate learners, a dictionary is essential as they do not know enough of the target language to understand fully a monolingual dictionary.

三、名词解释

Define the following terms. (15%)

21.borrowed words

22.stem .

23.associative meaning

24.degradation

25.dismembering (of idioms)

四、简答题

Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)

31. What are the three main sources of new words in Present-day English?

32.In what way are the underlined words formed in the following sentences?1) He wolfed down his lunch.2) There is no milk in the fridge.3)The headmaster is an easy-going man.4) You have to show your D before chocking in the hotel.5)I promised to babysit for my neighbor this weekend.

33.What are the types of antonyms? Explain the types of antonyms with the following example，words: sell/buy, same/different old/young

34.How are context clues used in the sentence The village had most of the usual amenities: a pub, a library, a post office, a village hall,l a medical centre, and a school?

五、分析题

Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)

41.1) nickname n.→ + to nickname2) bottle feeding→to bottleUse the above examples to discuss in what way compound verbs are generally formed?

42.Illustrate the differences between synonyms by analyzing the following groups of synonyms1) rich and wealthy2) ask, beg and request3) allow and let