考研英语翻译模拟试卷（精选6篇）

《孙子兵法》是中国古代最伟大的军事理论著作，也是中国古籍在世界上影响最为广泛的著作之一。它所阐述的谋略思想和哲学思想，被广泛地运用于军事、政治、经济等各领域中。《孙子兵法》的作者孙武总结春秋时期的战争经验，揭示了一系列带普遍性的军事规律，提出了一套完整的军事理论体系。《孙子兵法》共13篇，每篇一个主题。比如《谋攻》篇讲述如何进攻敌国。孙武主张以尽可能小的代价，去取得最大的成功，力求不战而胜，他指出：用兵的上策首先是以政治谋略取胜，其次是用外交手段，再次是使用武力，下策才是攻城。参考翻译：

The Art of War is one of most famous worksonmilitary theory of ancient China.It is also one ofthemost influential Chinese ancient books intheworld.It elaborates on strategic andphilosophicthinking which have been applied widely tovariousfields,such asmilitary,politics,economy,etc.Its author,SunWu,summed up the experience ofwars in the Spring and Autumn period,showing a series ofuniversal laws of military.At last,heput forward an integrated system of military theory.Thebook is divided into thirteenchapters,and each chapter has a topic.For example,the chaptertitled The Strategic Attack tellsus how to attack enemies.Sun Wu advocated that we shouldachieve the biggest success at apossibly minimum cost,and even sometimes made it withoutwar.He pointed out that there werefour ways to win a war:the best was political strategy,thesecond diplomacy,the thirdforce,and the worst attacking a city.考点解析：

《孙子兵法》的作者孙武总结春秋时期的战争经验，揭示了一系列带普遍性的军事规律，提出了一套完整的军事理论体系。

分析:

本句是由三个短句构成的长句，包含两层意思，前两句是说孙武前期的经验总结，处理成“主句+伴随状语”: Itsauthor,Sun Wu,summed up the experience of wars in the Spring and Autumnperiod,showing aseries of universal laws of military,最后一句是说他最终的成就，单独译为一个句子:At last,he putforward an integrated system of military theory。

2014考研英语之翻译模拟题

（二）二、科学与技术

The meanings of “science”and “technology”have changed significantly from one generation to another.More similarities than differences, however, can be found between the terms,(46)Both science and technology imply a thinking process, both are concerned with causal relationships in the material world, and both employ an experimental methodology that results in empirical demonstrations that can be verified by repetition.(47)Science, at least in theory, is less concerned with the practicality of its results and more concerned with the development of general laws, but in practice science and technology are inextricably involved with each other.The varying interplay of the two can be observed in the historical development of such practitioners as chemists, engineers, physicists, astronomers, carpenters, potters, and many other specialists.Differing educational requirements, social status, vocabulary, methodology, and types of rewards, as well as institutional objectives and professional goals, contribute to such distinctions as can be made between the activities of scientists and technologists;but throughout history the practitioners of “pure”science have made many practical as well as theoretical contributions.(48)Indeed, the concept that science provides the ideas for technological innovations and that pure research is therefore essential for any significant advancement in industrial civilization is essentially a myth.Most of the greatest changes in industrial civilization cannot be traced to the laboratory.Fundamental tools and processes in the fields of mechanics, chemistry, astronomy, metallurgy, and hydraulics were developed before the laws governing their functions were discovered.The steam engine, for example, was commonplace before the science of thermodynamics elucidated the physical principle underlying its operations.In recent years a sharp value distinction has their bitter opponents, but today many people have come to fear technology much more than science.(49)For these people , science may be perceived as a serene, objective source for understanding the eternal laws of nature, whereas the practical manifestations of technology in the modern world now seem to them to be out of control.(50)Many historians of science argue not only that technology is an essential condition of advanced, industrial civilization but also that the rate of technological change has developed its own momentum in recent centuries.Innovations now seem to appear at a rate that increase geometrically, without respect to geographical limits or political systems.These innovations tend to transform traditional cultural systems, frequently with unexpected social consequences.Thus technology can be conceived as both a creative and a destructive process.答案

46.科学与技术都包含有一种思维的过程，两者都涉及到物质世界的因果关系，两者都

跨考魔鬼集训营0

1运用了一套实验的方法论，这种方法论所产生的是能够通过重复得以验证的经验性的实证结果。

47.至少在理论上，科学较少地关心其研究成果的实用性，而