Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A], B], C] or D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as "a bodily exercise precious to health." But -__1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.

__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930's indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.

Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual's emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile - or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically to funny catoons than did those whose months were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.

1.A]among B]except C]despite D]like

2.A]reflect B]demand C]indicate D]produce

3.A]stabilizing B]boosting C]impairing D]determining

4.A]transmit B]sustain C]evaluate D]observe

5.A]measurable B]manageable C]affordable D]renewable

6.A]In turn B]In fact C]In addition D]In brief

7.A]opposite B]impossible C]average D]expected

8.A]hardens B]weakens C]tightens D]relaxes

9.A]aggravate B]generate C]moderate D]enhance

10.A]physical B]mental C]subconscious D]internal

11.A]Except for B]According to C]Due to D]As for

12.A]with B]on C]in D]at

13.A]unless B]until C]if D]because

14.A]exhausts B]follows C]precedes D]suppresses

15.A]into B]from C]towards D]beyond

16.A]fetch B]bite C]pick D]hold

17.A]disappointed B]excited C]joyful D]indifferent

18.A]adapted B]catered C]turned D]reacted

19.A]suggesting B]requiring C]mentioning D]supposing

20.A]Eventually B]Consequently C]Similarly D]Conversely