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43.The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past.

【词汇突破】detect :检测,侦查 massive:巨大的,大规模的(写作中可用到的替换词)

【主干识别】The notion is that 加表语从句

【其他成分】people have failed to detect the massive changes 表语从句(表语从句是对主语的阐释。);which have happened in the ocean 定语从句,修饰为changes;because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past 原因状语从句。

【微观解析】句子的主干是The notion is that+表语从句,而定语从句则是修饰表语从句中的一个词,因此在理解翻译时需要注意主次关系。对于fail 这一类带有否定意味的词可直接作为not 来理解。relatively 修饰short .

【难点揭秘】原句中的从句较多,需要有层次的去理解,

【译文赏析】意思就是说人们没有发现海里发生的巨大变化,因为他们只看了过去相对较短的一段时间。

【翻译点拨】对于The notion is 的处理可以是 意思是说…,或者,人们认为……

44.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.

【词汇突破】inflation:膨胀,通货膨胀general commodity-price inflation global excess demand:全球过旺需求(金融类的词汇)

【主干识别】One more reason is that 加表语从句

【其他成分】not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices:不定式做定语修饰reason。这里需要注意的是不定式的否定是在to 前面加not;unlike the rises in the 1970s 插入语,它将表语从句的连接词与后面的部分隔离开来;it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand 表语从句,主干为it has not occurred against the background。

【微观解析】这个句子的特点在于修饰成分较多进而将句子的主干隔离开来,因此对于各种修饰成分应该有极高的辨识能力。

【难点揭秘】零散的句式成为阻碍理解的因素,尤其是表语从句的冗长。

【译文赏析】另外一个不因油价上涨而失眠的原因是,这次涨价不像70 年代的那些次上涨,它并不是在普遍的商品价格暴涨和全球需求过旺的背景之下发生的。

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