team spirit 团队精神
teamwork n.团队合作
strengthen/enhance the cooperation 增强合作
cultivate/foster the sense of teamwork 培养团队意识
optimism n.乐观
optimistic adj.乐观的
pessimism n.悲观
pessimistic adj. 悲观的
patience n.耐心
patient adj. 耐心的
prudence n.谨慎
prudent adj.谨慎的
persistence / perseverance n.恒心/毅力/坚持
persevering adj. 坚持不懈的
give up halfway 半途而废
努力做某事 endeavor to do sth./ strive to do sth./do one's utmost to do sth
diligence n.勤奋
painstaking efforts 刻苦努力
self-dependence/self-reliance/independence n. 独立; 自立
innovation n.创新
innovative adj. 创新的；具有创新精神的
creativity n.创造力
creative adj. 有创造力的
critical thinking 批判性思维
self-confidence n. 自信
modesty n. 谦虚
modest adj. 谦虚的
aggressive adj.有进取心的
strong-willed adj.意志坚强的
tireless adj. 孜孜不倦的
consistent adj. 始终如一的
逆境和苦难 adversity and hardship
ambition n. 胸怀；抱负
不劳而获 reap without sowing
欲速则不达 haste makes waste
utilitarian adj. 功利的，急功近利的
付诸行动 take actions
down-to-earth adj. 务实的
thrift n.节俭
thrifty adj.节俭的
honesty n. 诚信
respect the old and care for the young 尊老爱幼
curiosity n. 好奇心
curious adj. 好奇的
spirit of the craftsman/craftsman's spirit/craftsmanship spirit 工匠精神
strive for the best/strive for excellence 精益求精
2.道德
public morality 公德
devotion n. 投入；忠诚
dedication n. 奉献精神
charity n. 慈善
a sense of responsibility/duty 责任感
shoulder/undertake one's duty/responsibility 承担责任
avoid/shirk one's duty/responsibility 逃避责任
traditional virtues 传统美德
filial piety 孝道
selfless devotion 无私奉献
patriotism n. 爱国主义
comply with the law 遵守法律
comply with the public morality 遵守公德
follow the morals 按道德行事
safeguard public morals 维护公共道德
spit everywhere 随地吐痰
make noise/talk loudly 大声喧哗
litter n. 垃圾；v. 乱丢垃圾
empty promise 空洞承诺
false promise 虚假承诺
unfair competitions 不公平竞争
consumers' rights and interests 消费者权益
disregard the public rules 无视公共规章
break/violate public regulations 违反公共规章
charitable adj.乐善好施的
credibility n.信誉，美誉
fake commodities 伪劣产品
dishonest behaviors 欺诈行为
illegal ads 非法广告
food safety 食品安全
misdeed/misconduct n.不良行为
spirit of contact 契约精神
voluntary service 志愿者/志愿者活动/志愿服务
volunteer spirit 志愿者精神
3.家庭/两代关系类
set an example 树立榜样
mutual understanding 相互理解
the aging society 老龄化社会
generation gap 代沟
narrow/bridge generation gap 消除代沟
career women 职业妇女
domestic/family violence 家庭暴力
foster/raise/breed/nurture/bring up 抚养
household chores 繁杂家务
spoil children = dote on children 溺爱孩子
over-indulgence n. 纵容溺爱
only child 独生子女
twilight years 晚年
practice filial piety/fulfill filial duty 奉行孝道
support(take care of/sustain) the elderly(the old/the aged/the senior/aged parents/the old and infirm parents) 赡养老人
mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents 虐待父母
cousin n. 堂兄妹，表兄妹
offspring n. 后代，后辈
ancestor n.祖先
heir n.继承人
4.健康成长
idol n.偶像
blind/irrational worship of ... 对……盲目/非理性的崇拜
physical health/fitness/well-being 生理健康
mental/psychological health/fitness/well-being 心理健康
improve/enhance physical(psychological) health 增进生理(心理)健康
hurt/damage physical(psychological)health 损害生理(心理)健康
health concern 健康问题
state of health 健康状况
sub-health n.亚健康
public health 公共卫生
state of mind 心态
physical exercises 体育锻炼
well-balanced diet 均衡饮食
sacrifice health 牺牲健康
junk food 垃圾食品
food additives 食品添加剂
go on a diet 节食，减肥
indigestion n.消化不良
vaccinate v. 给……接种疫苗
infectious disease/illness 传染病
chronic disease/illness 慢性病
non-acclimatization 水土不服
short-sightedness n.近视
malnutrition n. 营养不良
5.文化类
culture and civilization 文化和文明
the Spring Festival 春节
dining together/ gathering dinners 聚会吃饭
the joyful atmosphere of the New Year 新年的喜庆氛围
museum n.博物馆
art gallery 艺术馆
be free of charge 免费的
The cultural blending/integration/fusion 文化融合
cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange 文化交流
cultural diversity 文化多元化
cultural identity 文化特性
cultural treasures 文化宝藏
cultural heritage/legacy 文化遗产
cultural relics 文物
cultural facilities 文化设施
traditional Chinese culture/national culture 民族(传统)文化
alien/foreign culture 外国文化
advocate/carry forward traditional culture 弘扬传统文化
preserve and cherish traditions 保存和珍惜传统
undermine traditions 破坏传统
great and profound 博大精深的
literature n.文学
local customs and practices 风土人情
cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流
spiritual civilization 精神文明
break with old customs 抛弃传统
hand down from generation to generation 代代相传
national pride 民族自豪
original adj. 原始的；原创的
charming adj. 极具魅力的
splendid adj. 壮丽辉煌的
crash v./n.碰撞
collection n. 收藏品
Peking/Beijing Opera 京剧
folk art 民间艺术
paper cutting 剪纸
6.教育读书类
part-time jobs 兼职工作
vacation n.假期
compulsory education 义务教育
life-long education 终身教育
exam/test-oriented education 应试教育
quality-oriented education 素质教育
comprehensive development of a child 孩子的全面发展
impart knowledge 讲授知识
to enrol new students 录取新生
admissions 录取人数
recruitment n. 招募
popular fiction 通俗小说
poetry n. 诗歌（不可数）
poem n.诗歌（可数）
intellectual property 知识产权
law education 法制教育
teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教
academic/theoretical knowledge 学术/理论知识
practical skills 实用技能
integrate theory with practice 理论联系实际
disconnect theory from practice 理论脱离实际
shape/mould one's character 塑造性格
extra-curricular activities 课外活动
the spirit of exploration 探索精神
cultivate (nurture, foster) creative/original thinking 培养创新思维
stifle/constrain/extinguish creativity 扼杀创造力
sap/dampen student's interest in sth. 挫伤学生对某事的兴趣
opening ceremony 开学典礼
key school 重点中学
private school 私立学校
public school 公立学校
eliminate illiteracy 扫盲
miss a class 缺课
drop out 辍学
dropout n.退学者
quit school 退学
assistantship 助学金
scholarship 奖学金
university graduates 大学毕业生
pursue post-graduate study/prepare for the national entrance examination for postgraduates 考研
study abroad/go abroad for further education 出国留学
excessive/undue academic pressure 过大的学习压力
the burden of study/learning 学习负担
ease/relieve academic pressure 缓解学习压力
intensify academic pressure 增强学习压力
academic atmosphere 学习气氛
7.经济社会发展
market share 市场份额
mobile phone/ cell phone 手机
industry n. 工业；行业
developing countries 发展中国家
developed countries 发达国家
saturation n.饱和
manufacturer n.制造商
brand n.品牌
the domestic market 国内市场
the competitive edge 竞争力；竞争优势
urban adj. 城市的
rural adj. 农村的
urbanization n. 城市化
population expansion 人口规模膨胀
medical care 医疗
shorten/narrow the gap between the rural and urban areas 缩小城乡差距
canteen n.餐厅
start one's own business 创业；开公司
satisfaction n. 满意
economic globalization 经济全球化
mobile payment 移动支付
shared bikes 共享单车
high-speed trains 高铁
online shopping 网络购物
recession/bleeding economy 经济不景气
economic/financial crisis 经济/金融危机
economic recovery 经济复苏
economic prosperity/boom 经济繁荣
delayed retirement 延迟退休
the family planning policy/ the one-child policy 计划生育政策
spur/stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展
hinder/impede economic development 阻碍经济发展
job market 就业市场
look for/hunt for/seek a job 找工作
job seeker 求职者
a tough job market 严峻的就业形势
unrealistic salary expectations 不切实际的薪资期望
pursue a high-paid job 追求高薪工作
the lack of practical experience/hands-on experience/practical abilities/ vocational skills/ career skills
没有或缺乏实践经验/实践能力/职业技能
lose one's job/be unemployed 失业
unemployment n.失业人数
generate/create job opportunities/employment opportunities 创造/提供就业机会
career guidance 就业指导
decline/recession/depression n.萎缩/衰退/萧条
the demand exceeds the supply 供不应求
unfair competition 不正当竞争
fierce/intense/furious competition 激烈竞争
fake and inferior product 假冒伪劣产品
after-sales service 售后服务
enterprise image 企业形象
over-consuming 超前消费
enhance citizens’ standard of living 提升居民生活水平
eliminate poverty 消除贫困
narrow the gap between the wealthy and the needy 缩小贫富差距
8.环保类
environment-friendly adj.生态环保的
conserve natural habitats 保护生存环境
animal rights activist 动物权益保护者
natural reserve 自然保护区
natural resources 自然资源
energy conservation and environmental protection 节能环保
biodiversity n. 生物多样性
extinction n. 灭绝
greenhouse effect 温室效应
develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源
low-carbon economy 低碳经济
deforestation n.森林消失
landslide n.山体滑坡
biodegradable adj. 可生物降解的
environment-friendly(eco-friendly) products 环保产品
household garbage 生活垃圾
waste sorting/garbage classification 垃圾分类
motor vehicle pollution 汽车尾气污染
reduce exhaust emission from cars/automobiles 减少汽车尾气排放
public transport 公共交通
water and soil erosion 水土流失
create pleasant living environment 创造怡人的生活环境
air pollution 空气污染
degradation/deterioration of air quality 空气质量恶化
discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas 排放有毒气体
toxic waste 有毒废物
industrial waste 工业废物