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Section I Use of English

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s; the term "plant neurobiology was_____(1)around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be_____(2)to intelligence in animals. _____(3)plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that_____(4)consciousness, researchers previously reported.

But such an idea is untrue, according to a new opinion article. Plant biology is complex and fascinating, but it_____(5)so greatly from that of animals that so-called_____(6)of plants intelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.

Beginning in 2006, some scientists have_____(7)that plants possess neuron-like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters,_____(8)"a plant nervous system,_____(9)to that in animals." said lead study author Lincoln Taiz, "They_____(10)claimed that plants have 'brain-like command centers' at their root tips."

This_____(11)makes sense if you simplify the workings of a complex brain,_____(12)it to an array of electrical pulses; cells in plants also communicate through electrical signals._____(13), the signaling in a plant is only_____(14)similar to the firing in a complex animal brain, which is more than "a mass of cells that communicate by electricity." Taiz said.

"For consciousness to evolve, a brain with a threshold_____(15)of complexity and capacity is required," he_____(16)"Since plants don't have nervous systems, the_____(17)that they have consciousness are effectively zero."

And what's so great about consciousness, anyway? Plants can't run away from_____(18). So investing energy in a body system which_____(19)a threat and can feel pain would be a very_____(20)evolutionary strategy, according to the article.

1.【题干】1._____.

【选项】

A.coined

B.discovered

C.collected

D.issued

【答案】A

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2.【题干】2._____.

【选项】

A.attributed

B.directed

C.compared

D.confined

【答案】C

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3.【题干】3._____.

【选项】

A.unless

B.when

C.once

D.though

【答案】D

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4.【题干】4._____.

【选项】

A.cope with

B.consisted of

C.hinted at

D.extended in

【答案】C

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5.【题干】5._____.

【选项】

A.suffers

B.benefits

C.develops

D.differs

【答案】D

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6.【题干】6._____.

【选项】

A.acceptance

B.evidence

C.cultivation

D.creation

【答案】B

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7.【题干】7._____.

【选项】

A.doubted

B.denied

C.argued

D.requested

【答案】C

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8.【题干】8._____.

【选项】

A.adapting

B.forming

C.repairing

D.testing

【答案】B

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9.【题干】9._____.

【选项】

A.analogous

B.essential

C.suitable

D.sensitive

【答案】A

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10.【题干】10._____.

【选项】

A.just

B.ever

C.still

D.even

【答案】D

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11.【题干】11._____.

【选项】

A.restriction

B.experiment

C.perspective

D.demand

【答案】C

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12.【题干】12._____.

【选项】

A.attaching

B.reducing

C.returning

D.exposing

【答案】D

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13.【题干】13._____.

【选项】

A.However

B.Moreover

C.Therefore

D.Otherwise

【答案】A

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14.【题干】14._____.

【选项】

A.temporarily

B.literally

C.superficially

D.imaginarily

【答案】C

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15.【题干】15._____.

【选项】

A.list

B.level

C.label

D.local

【答案】B

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16.【题干】16._____.

【选项】

A.recalled

B.agreed

C.questioned

D.added

【答案】D

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17.【题干】17._____.

【选项】

A.chances

B.risks

C.excuses

D.assumptions

【答案】A

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18.【题干】18._____.

【选项】

A.danger

B.failure

C.warning

D.control

【答案】A

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19.【题干】19._____.

【选项】

A.represents

B.includes

C.reveals

D.recognizes

【答案】D

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20.【题干】20._____.

【选项】

A.humble

B.poor

C.practical

D.easy

【答案】B

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