01

知识点总结

什么是定语从句？

定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。

定语从句的构成

定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why,how等。

关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。

定语从句的分类

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。

(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他是那个想见你的男人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher

你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师

(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor.

那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

2、由which, that引导的从句

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：

(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）

(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.

你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语）

注意： 代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：

先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时；

先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略；

先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；

先行词中既有人又有物时；

整个句中前面已有which，who,that时；

当先行词为物并作表语时；

先行词为one时；

先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用

I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语

Shanghai is the city where I was born.

3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语 ，用在reason 后面。

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

02

定语从句练习题

1. Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are notsure.

A. which B. what C. as D.those

2. Is this the factory__________ you visited the other day?

A. that B. where C. inwhich D. the one

3. Is this factory__________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?

A. that B. where C. whichD. the one

4. Is this the factory__________ he worked ten years ago?

5. The wolves hidthemselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.

A. that B. where C. inwhich D. in that

6. The freezing point isthe temperature __________ water changes into ice.

A. at which B. on that C.in which D. of what

7. This book will show you__________ can be used in other contexts..

A. how you have observed B. what you have observed

C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed

8. The reason is__________ he is unable to operate the machine.

A. because B. why C. that D. whether

9. I’ll tell you __________he told me last week.

A. all which B. that C.all that D. which

10. That tree, __________branches are almost bare, is very old.

A. whose B. of which C. inwhich D. on which

11. I have bought the samedress __________ she is wearing.

A. as B. that C. which D.what

12. He failed in theexamination, __________ made his father very angry.

A. which B. it C. that D.what

13. We’re talking aboutthe piano and the pianist _______ were in the concert we attended last night.

A. which B. whom C. who D.that

14. The girl ________ anEnglish song in the next room is Tom’s sister.

A. who is singing B. issinging C. sang D. was singing

15. Those _______ not onlyfrom books but also through practice will succeed.

A. learn B. who C. thatlearns D. who learn

16. Anyone ________ thisopinion may speak out.

A. that against B. thatagainst C. who is against D. who are against

17. Didn’t you see the man________?

A. I nodded just now B.whom I nodded just now

C. I nodded to him justnow D. I nodded to just now

18. Can you lend me thenovel ______ the other day?

A. that you talked B. youtalked about it

C. which you talked withD. you talked about

19. Is there anything_______ to you?

A. that is belonged B.that belongs

C. that belong D. whichbelongs

20. ---- “How do you likethe book?”

---- “It’s quite differentfrom _______ I read last month.”

A. that B. which C. theone D. the one what

21. Mr. Zhang gave thetextbook to all the pupils except _______ who had already taken them.

A. the ones B. ones C.some D. the others

22. The train _______ shewas travelling was late.

A. which B. where C. onwhich D. in that

23. He has lost the key tothe drawer _______ the papers are kept.

A. where B. in which C.under which D. which

24. Antarctic _______ weknow very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.

A. which B. where C. thatD. about which

25. It’s the third time _______late this month.

A. that you arrived B.when you arrived

C. that you’ve arrived D.when you’ve arrived

26. It was in 1969 _______the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.

A. that B. which C. whenD. in which

27. May the fourth is theday ______ we Chinese people will never forget.

A. which B. when C. onwhich D. about which

28. We are going to spendthe Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _______ live my grandparents and somerelatives.

A. which B. that C. who D.where

29. The hotel _______during our holidays stands by the seaside.

A. we stayed at B. wherewe stayed at

C. we stayed D. in that westayed

30. Is it in that factory_______ “Red Flag” cars are produced?

A. in which B. where C.which D. that

31. It is the Suez Canal_______ separates Asia ______ Africa.

A. which, to B. where,from

C. that, from D. that,with

32. Under the bridge,however, almost directly below, _______ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.

A. there B. where C. it D.which

33. He is not ______ afool _______.

A. such, as he is lookedB. such, as he looks

C. as, as he is looked D.so, as he looks

34. Is that the reason_______ you are in favour of the proposal?

A. which B. what C. why D.for that

35. He must be fromAfrica, _______ can be seen from his skin.

A. that B. as C. who D.what

36. He has two sons,_______ work as chemists.

A. two of whom B. both ofwhom

C. both of which D. all ofwhom

37. I, _______ your goodfriend, will try my best to help you out.

A. who is B. who am C.that is D. what is

38. He is a man of greatexperience, _______ much can be learned.

A. who B. that C. fromwhich D. from whom

39. ---- Do you know thetown at all?

--- No, this is the firsttime I ________ here.

A. was B. have been C.came D. am coming

40. I don’t like _______you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way inthat

C. the way which D. theway of which

41. The two things _______they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.

A. about which B. of which

C. in which D. for which

42. The dinner was themost expensive meal we ______.

A. would have B. have had

C. had never had D. hadever had

43. Do you know whichhotel _______?

A. she is staying B. sheis staying in

C. is she staying D. isshe staying in

44. There is only onething _______ I can do.

A. what B. that C . all D.which

45. Who can think of asituation ________ this idiom can be used?

A. which B. that C. whereD. in that

46. I have many books,some of _______ are on chemistry.

A. them B. that C. whichD. those

47. They were interested_______ you told them.

A. in which B. in that

C. all that D. ineverything

48. The astronaut did manyexperiments in the spaceship, ________ much

help for knowing space.

A. which we think it is B.which we think are of

C. of which we think is D.I think which is of

49. The great day welooked forward to _______ at last.

A. come B. came C. comingD. comes

50. I like the secondfootball match _______ was held last week.

A. which B. who C. that D./

参考答案

1---5 AADBA6--10 ABCCA 11--15 AADAD

16-20 CDDBC 21--25 ACBDC 26--30 AADAD

31-35 CABCB36--40 BBDBA 41--45 BDBBC

46-50 CDBBC

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