I. Multiple choice. There are 20 questions in this part. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both linguistics candidates and literature candidates must do this part. (20%)

1. The ________ of stress in English distinguishes meaning.

A. articulationB. location C. mannerD. organ

2. The English vowels can be classified according to the ________ of the sound.

A. heightB. lengthC. widthD. shortage

3. English words are pronounced alike but spelled differently are called ________.

A. coordinatesB. homonymiesC. homophonesD. superordinates

4. The ability to use any word in a sentence requires knowledge of its ________.

A. lexical category B. complementary distribution

C. syntactic ruleD. morphological awareness

5. The morpheme ‘-ed’ in the word ‘collected’ is a(n) ________.

A. bound morpheme B. derivational morpheme

C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme

6. Nouns, verbs and adjectives are referred to as ________.

A. content wordsB. grammatical words

C. function wordsD. formative words

7. The sentences ‘The lion licked the trainer’ and ‘The trainer licked the lion’ have the same number of words but different in meaning because the ________ assigned to each word is different.

A. deep structureB. part of speechC. surface structureD. semantic role

8. The core of the word and the major component of the meaning of the word is constituted by its ________.

A. affixB. base C. rootD. stem

9. In the classic semantic triangle proposed by Ogden and Richards (1923), ________ refers to the object of experience.

A. referenceB. referentC. thoughtD. symbol

10. The application of the methods and results of linguistic research to such areas as language teaching, translation, and language in advertising, classrooms, and courts etc. is called ________.

A. PsycholinguisticB. Cognitive Linguistics

C. Applied Linguistics D. Comparative Linguistics

11. In A Rose for Emily, Faulkner makes best use of the _______ devices in narration.

A. RomanticB. Realistic C. Gothic D. Modernist

12. All of the following books were written by Earnest Hemingway EXCEPT

A. The Old Man and the Sea B. For Whom the Bell Tolls

C. The Sun Also Rises D. Tales of the Jazz Age

13. John Milton is a great poet in the ____________ Period.

A. Anglo-Saxon Period B. Renaissance

C. Pre-Romantic PeriodD. Romantic

14. Shakespeare wrote ___________sonnets.

A. 125 B. 154C. 245 D. 138

15. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s view of man and human history originates in ___________.

A. TranscendentalismB. Naturalism

C. Puritanism D. Romanticism

16.Whitman is radically innovative in terms of form of his poetry. The form of poetry he preferred for the new subjects and new feelings is ____________.

A. epicB. blank verse

C. heroic coupletD. free verse

17. All of the following books were written by Mark Twain EXCEPT _________.

A. Life on the Mississippi B. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

C. The Portrait of a Lady D. The Gilded Age

18. Jane Austen’s most popular novel has consistently been ____________. It portrays life in the genteel rural society of the early nineteenth century, and tells of the initial misunderstandings and later mutual enlightenment between Elizabeth and Darcy.

A. Sense and Sensibility B. Emma

C. Pride and PrejudiceD. Persuasion

19. “Ode to a Nightingale” was written in 1819 by ____________. The poem takes the form of a direct address to a nightingale.

A. John Keats B. William Wordsworth

C. Robert FrostD. Walt Whitman

20. Ellen Poe was both a poet and a _____________________.

A. dramatistB. essayistC actorD. fiction writer.

II. Decide whether each of the following statement is True or False. If it is true, write T and if it is false, write F on the ANSWER SHEET. Both linguistics candidates and literature candidates must do this part. (10%)

1.In linguistics, data and theory stand in a dialectical complementation.

2.A basic way to determine the phonemes of a language is to see if replacing one sound. for another does not result in a change of meaning.

3.According to the naming theory, words are just names or labels for things.

4. The learning of a second language in school is increasingly viewed as an intellectual or educational endeavor but not as a social-psychological phenomenon.

5. In the course of language change, if any sound is going to be lost, it is more likely to be a less common one rather than its more common counterpart.

6. The defining formal characteristics of the modernistic works are discontinuity and fragmentation.

7. During the Renaissance Period, humanism was the pivotal philosophy in England.

8. Ezra Pound is regarded as the father of modern American fiction.

9. Wuthering Heights is one of the 5 novels written by Emily Bronte.

10. Life on the Mississippi tells a story of Henry James’s boyhood ambition to become a riverboat pilot up and down the Mississippi.

III. Explain the following terms. Terms in Section A are for linguistics candidates and terms in Section B are for literature candidates. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)

Section A: for linguistics candidates

1. design features

2. assimilation

3. morphological rules

4. locutionary act

5. componential analysis

6. interlanguage

Section B: for literature candidates

7. ballads

8. Critical Realism

9. the Lost Generation

10. Gothic Novels

11. Naturalism

12. sonnet

IV. Answer the following questions. Questions in Section A are for linguistics candidates and questions in Section B are for literature candidates. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (50%)

Section A: for linguistics candidates

1. What makes modern linguistics different from traditional grammar?

2. Illustrate the types of morphemes (bound morphemes, free morphemes, derivational morphemes, inflectional morphemes) with examples.

3. According to John Searle, there are five general types of things we can do with language. What are these five types of speech acts? Please illustrate them with examples.

4. What is Intercultural Communication? Please illustrate the intercultural communication barriers with at least two examples.

5. What is speech variety? Give an example to illustrate it.

Section B: for literature candidates

6. Comment on Emerson’s transcendentalist views and his influence in American literature.

7. Discuss the theme and writing techniques of Melville’s Moby Dick.

8. What is the symbolic significance of The Scarlet Letter?

9. Based on Ulysses, comment on James Joyce’s modernist writing techniques.

10. What are the stylistic features of O’Neill’s plays?

V. Write your responses or reflections on the following questions on the ANSWER SHEET. Linguistics candidates must do Section A and literature candidates must do Section B. (40%)

Section A: for linguistics candidates

1. J.R Firth, B. Malinowski and M.A.K. Halliday of the London School all stress the importance of context in language use. Please state the main points of their contextual views in language use respectively. Then, make comment on their contextual views.

2. Mark Johnson（1987）proposes the theory of IMAGE SCHEMAS. He defines an image schema as a recurring pattern of our perceptual interactions and motor programs that gives coherence and structure to our experience. You are expected to develop the theory of IMAGE SCHEMAS by making comment.

(1) What are the two characteristics of image schematic structures?

(2) Define the following image schemas and illustrate them with examples.

1)A center-periphery schema

2)A containment schema

3)A cycle schema

4)A force schema

5)A link Schema

6)A part-whole schema

7)A path schema

8)A scale schema

9)A verticality schema

(3) Make comment on Mark Johnson’s Theory of Image Schemas.

Section B: for literature candidates

3. Based on Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights, discuss the theme and writing techniques of this novel.

4. Analyze the theme, poetic form and rhetorical devices of the following poem and develop it into an essay.

Because I Could Not Stop for Death

Because I could not stop for Death –

He kindly stopped for me –

The Carriage held but just Ourselves –

And Immortality.

We slowly drove – He knew no haste

And I had put away

My labor and my leisure too,

For His Civility ---

We passed the School, where Children strove

At Recess – in the Ring –

We passed the fields of Gazing Grain ---

We passed the Setting Sun –

Or rather – He passed Us –

The Dews drew quivering and chill –

For only Gossamer, my Gown –

My Tippet – only Tulle –

We paused before a House that seemed

A Swelling of the Ground –

The Roof was scarcely visible –

The Cornice – in the Ground –

Since then – ‘tis Centuries – and yet

Feels shorter than the Day

I first surmised the Horses’ Heads

Were Toward Eternity ---