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①If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the late months.

②If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be ever more pronounced.

翻译译文：

如果查看一下2006年世界杯赛所有足球运动员的出生证，你很可能会发现一件引人注意的奇事：出类拔萃的足球运动员更可能出生在一年中的头几个月而非后几个月。如果再看看为世界杯和职业球队输送人才的欧洲各国国家青年队(队员出生证)，你会发现这一奇怪现象甚至更为显著。

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①What might account for this strange phenomenon?

②Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.

翻译译文：

这一奇怪现象可能的成因是什么呢?以下是几种猜测：a)某些星座赐予球员高超的足球技能；b)冬季出生的婴孩往往具有更高的血液携氧能力，这会增加踢足球时的耐力；c)痴迷足球的父母更可能在春天，也即每年足球狂热的时期受孕；d)以上都不是。

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①Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.”

②Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology.

③His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers.

④“With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training,his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving,and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”

翻译译文：

安德斯·艾利克森，佛罗里达州立大学一位58岁的心理学教授，称他坚信“以上都不对”。艾利克森在瑞典长大，起初攻读核能工程学，直到他意识到如果转学心理学，会有