历年真题是重要的复习资料，冲刺阶段，考生更应该好好利用真题，做好巩固提升。新东方在线特别为大家梳理了考研英语历年真题，下面是2020年考研英语一真题及答案：
2020年英语一真题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C], or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Even if families don’t sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation’s great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter’s day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quality pleasure 4 to damage our health.
The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin—crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such alarmist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.
Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14, it was rumoured that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15.
Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17, the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18, but reduce their lifetime intake. However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with one listening.
1. [A] In[B] Towards[C] On[D] Till
2. [A] match[B] express[C] satisfy[D] influence
3. [A] patience[B] enjoyment[C] surprise[D] concern
4 .[A] intensified[B] privileged[C] compelled[D] guaranteed
5. [A] issued[B] received[C] compelled[D] guaranteed
6. [A] under[B] at[C] for[D] by
7. [A] forget[B] regret[C] finish[D] avoid
8. [A] partially[B] regularly[C] easily[D] initially
9. [A] Unless[B] Since[C] If[D] While
10. [A] secondary[B] external[C] conclusive[D] negative
11. [A] insufficient[B] bound[C] likely[D] slow
12. [A] On the basis of[B] At the cost of[C] In addition to[D] In contrast to
13. [A] interesting[B] advisable[C] urgent[D] fortunate
14. [A] As usual[B] In particular[C] By definition[D] After all
15. [A] resemblance[B] combination[C] connection[D] pattern
16. [A] made[B] served[C] saved[D] used
17. [A] To be fair[B] For instance[C] To be brief[D] In general
18. [A] reluctantly[B] entirely[C] gradually[D] carefully
19. [A] promise[B] experience[C] campaign[D] competition
20. [A] follow up[B] pick up[C] open up[D] end up .
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK “town of culture” award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for zoz1. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in £220m of investment and an avalanche of arts, out not to be confined to cities. Britain’ town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.
Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sough-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Liverpool in 2008. A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the
verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow— village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?
It is also wise lo recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run “year of culture” washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light. It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community. groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow’s year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.
A “town of culture” could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town’s peculiarities
—helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.
21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a “town of culture” award could
[A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.
[B] promote cooperation among Britain’s towns.
[C] increase the economic strength of Britain’s towns.
[D] focus Britain’s limited resources on cultural events.
22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as
[A] a sensible compromise.
[B] a self-deceiving attempt.
[C] an eye-catching bonus.
[D] an inaccessible target.
23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it
[A] endeavours to maintain its image.
[B] meets the aspirations of its people.
[C] brings its local arts to prominence.
[D] commits to its long-term growth.
24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present
[A] a contrasting case. (B] a supporting example.
[C] a background story.
[D] a related topic.
25. What is the author’s attitude towards the proposal?
[A] Skeptical.
[B] Objective.
[C] Favourable.
[D] Critical.
Text 2
Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money. Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the production of scientific knowledge.
With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing industry is in an existential crisis.
The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers produced in the world, made profits of more than £900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than £210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research; both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.
The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among is users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.
In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies. In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now
published under open access terms: either freely available from the moment of publication, or paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.
Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their product free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around £500 to $5,000. A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these “article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation. In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet: labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.
26. Scientific publishing is seen as “a licence to print money” partly because
[A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.
[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.
[C] its payment for peer review is reduced.
[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.
27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have
[A] thrived mainly on university libraries.
[B] gone through an existential crisis.
[C] revived the publishing industry.
[D] financed researchers generously.
28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub?
[A] Relieved.
[B] Puzzled.
[C] Concerned.
[D] Encouraged.
29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms .
[A] allow publishers some room to make money.
[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.
[C] reduce the cost of publication substantially
[D] free universities from financial burdens.
30. Which of the following characteristics the scientific publishing model?
[A] Trial subscription is offered.
[B] Labour triumphs over status.
[C] Costs are well controlled. [D]The few feed on the many.
Text 3
Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.
A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure “gender parity” on boards and commissions, provide a case in
point.
Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government boards are less than 40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.
The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in California, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.
The US Supreme Court frowns on sex-based classifications unless they are designed to address an “important” policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of “equal protection”.
But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?
The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.
Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.
Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a “golden skirt” phenomenon. where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.
Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity, remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feel good but do little to help average women.
31. The author believes hat the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will
[A] help lite to reduce gender bias.
[B] pose a threat to the state government.
[C] raise women’s position in politics.
[D] greatly broaden career options.
32. Which of the following is true of the California measure?
[A] It has irritated private business owners.
[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court. [C]It may go against the Constitution.
[D] It will settle the prior controversies.
33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate
[A] the harm from arbitrary board decision.
[B] the importance of constitutional guarantees.
[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.
[D] the needlessness of government interventions.
34. Norway’s adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to
[A] the underestimation of elite women’s role.
[B] the objection to female participation on bards.
[C] the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.
[D] the growing tension between Labor and management.
35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?
IAI Women’s need in employment should be considered
[B] Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.
[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.
[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.
Text 4
Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data. and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a“GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon — in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.
The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks. But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite States trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies, which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.
The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead, the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax), Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to. name but a few. At the same time, the European Union, Spain, Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.
These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax, even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.
In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach a consensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.
France's planned tax is a clear waning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system. other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove
burdensome and costly.
36. The French Senate has passed a bill to
[A] regulate digital services platforms.
[B] protect French companies' interests.
[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.
[D] curb the influence of advertising.
37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax
[A] may trigger countermeasures against France.
[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.
[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.
[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.
38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that
[A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.
[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading
[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.
[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.
39. It can be learned from Paragraph 5 that the OECO's current work
[A] is being resisted by US companies.
[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.
[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.
[D] needs to involve more countries.
40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?
[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions
[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax [C]France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals
[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy
Part B Directions:
Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the A-G for each of the numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
[A] Eye fixations are brief
[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to rude
[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal
[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact
[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated
[F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers
[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.
In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way. But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor during a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility. Here’s what hard
science reveals about eye contact:
41.
We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother’s eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In adulthood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone’s attention in a crowded room, “Eye contact and smile” can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.
42.
Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer during a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high-functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond during direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.
43.
With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages, depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it’s more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. “Whether you're a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you're trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you,” said Minson.
44.
When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.
45.
In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance, according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues. “Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ.” A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.
Part C Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Following the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God
and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century, with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46)With the Church’s teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the Medieval and modem periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.
During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47)Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geo-centric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy, and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.
(48)Despite attempts by the Church to suppress this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore. It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.
The Church’s long standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of 17th century. (49)As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era—the Age of Reason.
The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity. Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase ‘sapere aude’ or ‘dare to know’, after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay “An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?”. It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.
Section III Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
The student union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. Write a notice in about 100 words.
Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below. In your essay, you should
1) describe the picture briefly,
2) interpret the implied meaning, and
3) give your comments.
Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
2020考研英语一答案
1.【答案】C On
【解析】此处考察介词词义辨析。On a cold winter's day意思是在一个寒冷冬日。介词on后加具体的某一天;in后加一段时间，例如in winter，in 2002;toward表方向，不与时间搭配;till意思是直到，例如till tomorrow，till next week，与句意不符。故正确答案为on。
2.【答案】A match
【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析。文章的首段首句提到：即使家庭成员不太可能经常坐下来一起吃饭，但数百万英国人将在这个周末参加这个国家最伟大的传统活动之一：星期日烤肉。On a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can __2__it. 在一个寒冷的冬日，很少有什么乐趣与之匹配。match 匹配。express表达。satisfy满足，满意;确信;符合。influence影响。
3.【答案】B enjoyment
【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。上文说到星期日烤肉是一项开心的活动。后文Yet进行语义转折：然而正如现在报道的那样，食品卫生部门认为这种 3 会导致另一种有罪的快乐 4 损害我们的健康。enjoyment乐趣与上文pleasures和下文another pleasures互为关联信息。patience耐心，耐性。surprise惊喜。concern关心。
4.【答案】D guaranteed
【解析】 此处考察非谓语动词做后置定语的用法。空格所在句指出：这种快乐会导致另一种有罪的快乐 4 损害我们的健康。 guaranteed有保证的，一定的，填入空格处意为：这种快乐会导致另一种有罪的快乐，肯定会损害我们的健康。 intensified增强，加剧; privileged享有特权，专用，特许;compelled强迫。
5.【答案】A issued
【解析】此处考察词义辨析。The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has __5__ a public warning... 食品标准管理局 一项公开的警告... issued发表，发布，发出;received接收，接到; ignored忽视，忽略;canceled取消。issued a public warning发出一项公开的警告符合文意。
6.【答案】B at
【解析】此处考察介词辨析。in some foods cooked __6__ high temperatures. under在...下面;for为了;因为;对于; by在…旁边; 通过; 由于; 经过。
7.【答案】D avoid
【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。7空句首this mean代词this指代上文高温炙烤的食物里会有化学复合物有害人体身体健康。所以下文提出建议人们应该 7 炸土豆，不吃薄皮披萨并且...7空同时也与reject构成语义并列的关系，故avoid正确。forget忘记;regret 后悔;finish完成。
8.【答案】A partially
【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。...and only__8__ toast their bread. 8空前文说到建议人们不吃炸土豆，薄皮披萨或者只是 8 烤面包。partially部分地，偶尔地;regularly有规律地; easily 容易地;initially最初地。故A选项正确。
9.【答案】D While
【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系+逻辑连接词辨析。 __9__ studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no __10__ evidence that it causes cancer in humans. 9 研究表明丙烯酰胺可引起小鼠神经损伤，但是没有 10 证据表明它会导致人类患癌症。前后句为转折/对比/让步的逻辑关系，故选择while表示虽然，尽管。Unless除非，表条件的逻辑关系;Since因为，表因果逻辑;If如果，表条件的逻辑关系。
10.【答案】C conclusive
【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。 9 研究表明丙烯酰胺可引起小鼠神经损伤，但是没有 10 证据表明它会导致人类患癌症。conclusive决定性的; 令人信服的; 确凿的
secondary第二的，中等的;间接的; external外面的，外部的; 表面上的; 外用的; 外国的; negative消极的，否认的。
11.【答案】C likely
【解析】此处考察固定搭配。be likely to 可能。insufficient 不足的，不够的;bound捆绑的，束缚的，有义务的;slow缓慢的。
12.【答案】A On the basis of
【解析】此处考察短语辨析+上下文逻辑。__12__ the precautionary principle, it could be argued that it is __13__ to follow the FSA advice. 12 预防性原则，可以说遵循FSA的建议是 13 。 On the basis of以...为基础，根据，按照;At the cost of以...为代价;In addition to除...之外; In contrast to与之相对，相反。
13.【答案】B advisable
【解析】此处考察形容词词义辨析。 根据预防性原则，可以说遵循FSA的建议是 13 。interesting有趣的; advisable明智的，可取的; urgent急迫的; fortunate侥幸的，幸运的。
14.【答案】D After all
【解析】考察逻辑关系。原文中上一句说“基于“预防原则”，可以认为最好遵循FSA的建议”。本句说“在有证据证明吸烟与癌症之间的联系之前，吸烟导致癌症的传言就已经流传多年了。结合选项分析，As usual像往常一样，In particular尤其，特别，By definition根据定义，After all 毕竟，只有After all符合文意。
15.【答案】C connection
【解析】本题考察动宾搭配，结合语境和句子成分理解，这里的名词放在prove“证明”后面，整体处在不定式中做主语补足语说明主语evidence，这里“证据”应该是证明出来(吸烟和肺癌)有联系的，故选择connection。Resemblance相似，combination结合，pattern模式，均不符合。
16.【答案】B served
【解析】本题考察主谓搭配，此处为被动语态，和主语a piece of boiled beef 构成实际上的“动宾关系”，句意“毫无疑问，一片煮熟的牛肉总能在周日和一些蒸蔬菜一起__16__”。这里served up 表示“上菜，端上”正和文意。而其他选项made制作，saved节省，used使用，均不符合。
17.【答案】A To be fair
【解析】本题考察主谓搭配，上一句说“但是生命值得过下去吗?”本句话说，“英FSA表示，它并没有告诉人们....不吃烘焙食品”，可见后文并没有对上文进行举例(for instance)或总结(To be brief)或表示经常发生的事情(in general)，故，应该选择顺承关系的To be fair。
18.【答案】B entirely
【解析】此处考察副词的修饰关系。本句话句意为“英FSA表示，它并没有告诉人们不吃烘焙食品__18__”。结合各选项分析：reluctantly不情愿地，entirely完全地，gradually逐渐地，carefully小心谨慎地，能跟前面的否定词not呼应使用表示一种部分否定的，只能是entirely才合适，not ...entirely表示“并未完全...”。
19.【答案】C campaign
【解析】本题考察主谓搭配。根据原文语境“然而，他们(FSA)的...有风险给人一种‘劝诱式’保姆的感觉” ，答案campaign表示“(开展的)运动，活动”放在这里最合适。promise承诺，experience经历或经验，competition竞争，均不能体现