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中西语言文化的差异主要表现在哪些方面 中西文化差异的英语作文带翻译

中西语言文化的差异主要表现在哪些方面

1、语音的差异
语音分为语调、音调、音节。中国语调有感叹、疑问、陈述等。单从语调就可听出是问话还是感叹。音调包括“一声,二声,三声,四声,轻声”。西方的语言文字是要讲究开音节、闭音节的,包括轻音节、重音节,并且有单音节、多音节。这些特征决定了根本上的差异。
2、语形的差异
字的结构上更是上下、左右、包围、半包围,像建筑结构,通透看是立体互通,形象彰显,自身融入自然界,达互通互构之效其自然性特征,而西方的文字则非立体性结构,只是一种流线型的符号化了的字母、文字,没有象形可言,那些曲曲折折、玩玩画画的符号,人文性强,有逻辑联系,强调的是一种智力的运行规律、轨迹。

造成中西方文化差异的原因:
首先是因为中西方文化起源的源头不同,吃饭的家伙不一样,所以思维方式也不一样。东西方所处的环境是完全不一样的,农耕文化和大河文化对中国文化有诸多影响。中国人在古代的时候为更好的耕种,更多的是在依附河流群居为生,因此相对于西方文化的起源地,中国文化的起源地更多的是在土地肥沃适合耕种的地方诞生。
而西方的起源地主要是发源于多岛屿的地方,像爱琴海,环海等,因为西方所处的地域与中国所处的地域不同,西方主要是以海洋文化为主,西方的土地不像中国能耕种的土地那么集中,受到当地气候原因的限制,故而农业并没有像中国的农业那么发达,在没有相对符合农业发展的前提下,西方人不得不转为发展商业,所以这是中西方文化差异的根本原因之一。

中西文化差异的英语作文带翻译

                          The culture differences between the East and West                            东方和西方间的不同文化    As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.(众说周知,东方和西方间在不同方面有许多我难以列举的不同之处。)     It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.(无疑中国人用筷子是一种传统。但是美国人更喜欢叉子和小刀.这不同的结果建立在她们对食物的喜好上。美国人选择吃牛肉片,面包和沙拉.然而中国人选择吃面条,薄烤饼和米饭。   In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life .In a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I think that China government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheers  to our country.(在我看来,在美国学习会更有趣。老师们注重培养学生们对现实生活的理解能力。而且,去学校的上学率,教学的工资和毕业后的工作也大不相同。我认为中国政府应该尽更大的努力改善教育系统。我也期望有一天,西方能给中国更多的鼓励。  .

中西语言文化的差异主要表现在哪些方面

中西文化的十大常见差异 在开放的现代社会,跨文化的言语交际显得愈发重要,已经成为现代交际中引人注目的一个特点。交际中的文化差异随处可见,言语环境中的文化因素受到普遍重视。下面是英汉文化中十大常见差异。 1.回答提问 中国人对别人的问话,总是以肯定或否定对方的话来确定用“对”或者“不对”。如: “我想你不到20岁,对吗?” “是的,我不到20岁。” (“不,我已经30岁了。”) 英语中,对别人的问话,总是依据事实结果的肯定或否定用“Yes”或者“No”。如: “Youre not a student,are you?” “Yes,I am.” (“No,I am not.”) 2.亲属称谓 英语的亲属以家庭为中心,一代人为一个称谓板块,只区别男性、女性,却忽视配偶双方因性别不同而出现的称谓差异。显得男女平等。如: 英文“grandparents,grandfather,grandmother”,而中文“祖辈、爷爷、奶奶、外公、外婆”。 再如,父母同辈中的称谓:英文“uncle”和“aunt”,而中文“伯伯、叔叔、舅舅等,姑妈、姨妈等”。 还有,英文中的表示下辈的“nephew和 niece”是不分侄甥的,表示同辈的“cousin”不分堂表、性别。 3.考虑问题的主体 中国人喜欢以对方为中心,考虑对方的情感。比如: 你想买什么? 您想借什么书? 而英语中,往往从自身的角度出发。如: Can I help you? What can I do for you? 4.问候用语 中国人打招呼,一般都以对方处境或动向为思维出发点。如: 您去哪里? 您是上班还是下班? 而西方人往往认为这些纯属个人私事,不能随便问。所以他们见面打招呼总是说: Hi/Hello! Good morning/afternoon/evening/night! How are you? Its a lovely day,isnt it? 5.面对恭维 中国人的传统美德是谦虚谨慎,对别人的恭维和夸奖应是推辞。如: “您的英语讲得真好。” “哪里,哪里,一点也不行。” “菜做得很好吃。” “过奖,过奖,做得不好,请原谅。” 西方人从来不过分谦虚,对恭维一般表示谢意,表现出一种自强自信的信念。如: “You can speak very good French.” “Thank you.” “Its a wonderful dish!” “I am glad you like it.” 所以,学生要注意当说英语的人称赞你时,千万不要回答:“No,I dont think so.”这种回答在西方人看来是不礼貌的,甚至是虚伪的。 6.电话用语 中国人打电话时的用语与平时讲话用语没有多少差异。 “喂,您好。麻烦您叫一声王伟接电话。”“我是张英,请问您是谁?” 英语中打电话与平时用语差别很大。如:“Hello,this is John speaking.” “Could I speak to Tom please?” “Is that Mary speaking?” 西方人一接到电话一般都先报自己的号码或者工作单位的名称。如: “Hello,52164768,this is Jim.” 中国学生刚开始学英语会犯这样的错误: “Hello,who are you please?” 7.接受礼物 中国人收到礼物时,一般是放在一旁,确信客人走后,才迫不及待地拆开。受礼时连声说: “哎呀,还送礼物干什么?” “真是不好意思啦。” “下不为例。” “让您破费了。” 西方人收到礼物时,一般当着客人的面马上打开,并连声称好: “Very beautiful!Wow!” “What a wonderful gift it is!” “Thank you for your present.” 8.称呼用语 中国人见面时喜欢问对方的年龄、收入、家庭等。而西方人很反感别人问及这些私事。西方人之间,如没有血缘关系,对男子统称呼“Mr.”,对未婚女士统称“Miss”,对已婚女士统称“Mrs.”。 中国人重视家庭、亲情,认为血浓于水。为了表示礼貌,对陌生人也要以亲属关系称呼。如: “大爷、大娘、大叔、大婶、大哥、大姐等”。 9.体贴他人 在西方,向别人提供帮助、关心、同情等的方式和程度是根据接受方愿意接受的程度来定的;而中国人帮起忙来一般是热情洋溢,无微不至。例如:一位中国留学生在美国看到一位老教授蹒跚过车水马龙的马路,出于同情心,他飞步上前挽住老人,要送他过去,但是他得到的却是怒目而视。请看下面的对话: Chinese student:Mr.White,you are so pale,are you sick? English teacher:Well...yes.I have got a bad cold for several days. Chinese student:Well,you should go to a clinic and see the doctor as soon as possible. English teacher:Er...what do you mean? 中国人建议患上感冒的人马上去看医生,表示真诚的关心。而美国人对此不理解,会认为难道他的病有如此严重吗?因此,只要回答:“Im sorry to hear that.”就够了。 10.请客吃饭 中国人招待客人时,一般都准备了满桌美味佳肴,不断地劝客人享用,自己还谦虚:“没什么菜,吃顿便饭。薄酒一杯,不成敬意。”行动上多以主人为客人夹菜为礼。 西方人会对此大惑不解:明明这么多菜,却说没什么菜,这不是实事求是的行为。而他们请客吃饭,菜肴特别简单,经常以数量不多的蔬菜为可口的上等菜,席间劝客仅仅说:“Help yourself to some vegetables,please.”吃喝由客人自便自定。 可见在学习语言的过程中,不可忽视语言交际中的文化倾向,要适时导入相关的文化背景知识,以充实学习者的知识结构,提高认知能力。

中西家庭文化差异英语作文

中西文化差异 英语作文
优质解答
The culture differences between the East and West
As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system.For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America.
It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.What is more,the custom of drinking tea in China and drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly.However,there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture.For example,the coffee and bread have introduced to China.The famous KFC is very popular at children.
The gap of teaching system between China and America is big.Chinese students always complain about their homework.Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax.They have to recite many things as to get a high mark.Homework comes the first to them.
In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life not to emphasis on the importances of memories.In a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I should say that Chima government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I am also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheersto our country.

英文论文:【文化差异对交际的影响】救命!(高分)

中文:文化差异影响跨文化交际
  随着价值观与道德标准、社会关系、社会礼仪和社会风俗等方面,即西方文化主张个人荣誉、自我中心、创新 精神和个性自由,而中国文化主张谦虚谨慎、无私奉献、中庸之道和团结协作;西方人平等意识较强、家庭结 构简单,由父母以及未成年子女组成核心家庭;而中国人等级观念较强,家庭结构较复杂,传统的幸福家庭多 为四代同堂等。
  在跨文化交际中,由于文化障碍而导致的信息误解,甚至伤害对方的现象屡见不鲜。有时善意的言谈会使 对方尴尬无比,礼貌的举止会被误解为荒诞粗俗。因此,研究文化差异,研究正确的跨文化交际行为已成为不 可忽视的问题。
  在中国,对别人的健康状况表示关心是有教养、有礼貌的表现。但对西方人的健康表示关心,就不能按中 国的传统方式了。一个中国学生得知其美籍教师生病后,会关切地说“you should go to see a doctor!(你 应该到医院看看)”。不料,这句体贴的话反而使这位教师很不高兴。因为在这位教师看来,有病看医生这种 简单的事情连小孩都知道,用不着任何人来指教。如果就某种小事给人以忠告,那显然是对其能力的怀疑,从 而大大伤害其自尊心。
  中国人在饭桌上的热情好客经常被西方人误解为不文明的行为。因西方人认为:客人吃多吃少完全由自己 决定,用不着主人为他加菜添酒;而且饮食过量是极不体面的事情,因此客人吃饭后,主人不必劝他再吃。一 位美国客人看到中国主人不断地给他挟菜很不安,事后他抱怨说“主人把我当猪一样看待”。
  中国人路遇熟人时,往往会无所顾忌地说:“啊呀,老兄,你近来又发福了!”或者以关切的口吻说:“ 老兄,你又瘦了,要注意身体啊!”而西方人若听你说“you are fat”或“you are so thin”,即使比较熟 悉,也会感到尴尬和难以答。
  从以上例子不难看出:文化障碍的确会影响跨文化交际。因此有必要研究不同文化间的差异。
  Cultural differences affect cross-cultural communication
  With values and ethical standards, social relations, social etiquette and social customs, and other aspects, that is, Western culture advocated personal honor, self-centeredness, innovative spirit, and individual freedom, and Chinese culture advocates modest and prudent, selfless dedication, and the doctrine of the mean and unity, cooperation ; Westerners strong sense of equality, the family structure is simple, by the parents and minor children of the nuclear family, while the Chinese hierarchy and stronger family structures more complicated, more traditional happy families for four generations, and so on.
  In cross-cultural communication, because of cultural barriers and lead to misunderstanding of information, or even hurt each others are common occurrences. Sometimes goodwill remarks will embarrass the other side incomparable, appearance will be misunderstood as absurd vulgar. Therefore, the study of cultural differences on the right of cross-cultural communication has become a problem that can not be overlooked.
  In China, others expressed concern about the health status of the cultured, polite performance. But Westerners expressed concern about the health, we can not by the traditional Chinese way. A Chinese-American students know their teachers became ill, will concern, saying: "you should go to see a doctor! (You should see to the hospital)." Unexpectedly, this considerate words to the contrary, the teachers very unhappy. Because in the view of teachers, sick to see a doctor this simple matter even children know, do not need anyone to tell. If on some trivial advice to people it is clearly doubt their ability, thus greatly hurt their self-esteem.
  Chinese people at the dinner table and the hospitality of Westerners often misunderstood as uncivilized behavior. For Westerners think: eat fewer guests to eat their own decision entirely, there is no need for him加菜Tim masters of wine; and excessive diet is extremely shameful thing, so after dinner guests, the owner advised him not eating. A master of American guests to see China continue to Jiacai very disturbing to him after he complained that "the masters, like pigs when I look at."
  Chinese路遇acquaintances, often unscrupulous and said: "啊呀,老兄, you recently made a further blessing!" Or to the tone of concern, said: "老兄, you lost, we should pay attention to physical ah!" And the West if you listen to people say "you are fat" or "you are so thin," even more familiar with, will feel awkward and difficult FOR.
  It is easy to see from the above examples: cultural barriers will truly affect cross-cultural communication. It is therefore necessary to study the differences between different cultures.

中西方文化差异英语作文80字

存在决定意识,文化属意识的范畴。中西方文化最明显的差异-饮食,我们用筷子,他们用刀叉,为什么?我们食用得主要成分是植物类食物,他们食用得主要成分是动物肉类。人们食用的食物不同,食用得方法各异,吸收得营养成分不一样;由此衍生出思维模式的差异,思维模式出现有差距,文化作为群体意识必然不同。为什么会出现这种差异,其根源,是中国人与西方人同宗,不同种。
可能是谬论,请参考。

中西文化差异的英语作文(有英汉对照的)

自己改动一下就行了
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这里有近千篇英语作文,希望能帮到你,好就要给分喔,未来几年写作文都不用怕了

AS

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