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非谓语动词有哪些? 什么是英语中的“动宾结构”?怎么用?

非谓语动词有哪些?

非谓语动词主要包括不定式&动名词&分词(现在分词和过去分词),.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分
  它有三种形式:不定式,分词(现在分词、过去分词),动名词
  1.非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有:
  (1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如:
  They built a garden.
  They suggested building a garden.
  (2)都可以被状语修饰:
  The suit fits him very well.
  The suit used to fit him very well.
  (3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。例如:
  He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态)
  He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)
  We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时)
  Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)
  (4)都可以有逻辑主语
  They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语)
  The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)
  We are League members.(谓语动词的主语)
  We being League member, the work was well done.
  (现在分词的逻辑主语)
  2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有:
  (1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
  (2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
  (3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。
  (4)谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。

  (5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。

 (一)动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征.
  否定式:not + (to) do
  (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.
  例如:
  Im glad to meet you.
  He seems to know a lot.
  We plan to pay a visit.
  He wants to be an artist.
  The patient asked to be operated on at once.
  The teacher ordered the work to be done.
  (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如:
  The boy pretended to be working hard.
  He seems to be reading in his room.
  (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:
  I regretted to have told a lie.
  I happened to have seen the film.
  He is pleased to have met his friend.
  2.不定式的句法功能:
  (1)作主语:
  To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
  To lose your heart means failure.
  动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式:
  It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
  It means failure to lose your heart.
  常用句式有:1、It+be+名词+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。4、It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。
  (2)作表语:
  Her job is to clean the hall.
  He appears to have caught a cold.
  (3)作宾语:
  常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如:
  Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
  动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如:
  I have no choice but to stay here.
  He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.
  动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如:
  He gave us some advice on how to learn English.
  (4)作宾语补足语:
  在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
  此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如:
  With a lot of work to do, he didnt go to the cinema.
  有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如:
  I saw him cross the road.
  He was seen to cross the road.
  (5)作定语:
  动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系:
  ①动宾关系:
  I have a meeting to attend.
  注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如:
  He found a good house to live in.
  The child has nothing to worry about.
  What did you open it with?
  如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词:
  He has no place to live.
  This is the best way to work out this problem.
  如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式:
  Have you got anything to send?
  Have you got anything to be sent?
  ②说明所修饰名词的内容:
  We have made a plan to finish the work.
  ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:
  He is the first to get here.
  (6)作状语:
  ①表目的:
  He worked day and night to get the money.
  She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
  注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致:
  wrong:To save money, every means has been tried.
  right:To save money, he has tried every means.
  wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.
  right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.
  ②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果):
  He arrived late only to find the train had gone.
  I visited him only to find him out.
  ③表原因:
  They were very sad to hear the news.
  ④表程度:
  Its too dark for us to see anything.
  The question is simple for him to answer.
  (7)作独立成分:
  To tell you the truth, I dont like the way he talked.
  (8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词。
  If you dont want to do it, you dont need to.
  (9)不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to。
  He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.
  (二)动名词:
  动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。
  1.动名词的形式: Ving
  否定式:not + 动名词
  (1)一般式:
  Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
  (2)被动式:
  He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。
  (3)完成式:
  We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。
  (4)完成被动式:
  He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.
  他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。
  (5)否定式:not + 动名词
  I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。
  (6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词
  He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。
  His not knowing English troubled him a lot.
  他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。
  2.动名词的句法功能:
  (1)作主语:
  Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。
  Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。
  当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。
  Its no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。
  (2)作表语:
  In the ant city, the queens job is laying eggs.
  在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。
  (3)作宾语:
  They havent finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
  We have to prevent the air from being polluted.
  我们必须阻止空气被污染。
  注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如:
  We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。
  要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语:
  enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, cant stand, cant help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like
  (4)作定语:
  He cant walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。
  Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗?
  (5)作同位语:
  The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密。
  His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.
  他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。
  (三)现在分词:
  现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
  1、现在分词的形式:
  否定式:not + 现在分词
  (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成
  式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如:
  They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。
  Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。
  (2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动
  词之前的被动的动作。
  The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
  Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.
  被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。
  2.现在分词的句法功能:
  (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语
  放在名词后。
  In the following years he worked even harder.
  在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。
  The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father.
  正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
  现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.
  (2)现在分词作表语:
  The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。
  The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。
  be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。
  (3)作宾语补足语:
  如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语:
  see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如:
  Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗?
  He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。
  (4)现在分词作状语:
  ①作时间状语:
  (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
  在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。
  ②作原因状语:
  Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。
  ③作方式状语,表示伴随:
  He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。
  ④作条件状语:
  (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
  要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。
  ⑤作结果状语:
  He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。
  ⑥作目的状语:
  He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。
  ⑦作让步状语:
  Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
  虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。
  ⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格:
  I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.
  我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。
  All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.
  所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。
  Time permitting, well do another two exercises.
  如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。
  有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式
  With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。
  ⑨作独立成分:
  udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor.
  从外表看,他一定是个演员。
  Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。
  (四)过去分词:
  过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。
  过去分词的句法功能:
  1.过去分词作定语:
  Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
  Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
  注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
  2.过去分词作表语:
  The window is broken. 窗户破了。
  They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
  注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别:
  The window is broken.(系表)
  The window was broken by the boy.(被动)
  有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如:
  boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶)
  newly arrived goods(新到的货) the risen sun(升起的太阳)
  the changed world(变了的世界)
  这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。
  3.过去分词作宾语补足语:
  I heard the song sung several times last week.
  上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。
  有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语:
  With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。
  4.过去分词作状语:
  Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.
  受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因)
  Once seen, it can never be forgotten.
  一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间)
  Given more time, Ill be able to do it better.
  如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件)
  Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
  虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。(表示让步)
  Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞。

什么是英语中的“动宾结构”?怎么用?

是指谓语和宾语具有配对关系,动语是带宾语的成分。
例一:I teach you 中teach和you为动宾关系 (在主动语态中,谓语和宾语是动宾关系)
例二:I will see a movie 我要看电影. (see动词,宾语是名词)

扩展资料:
英语中主要的句子成分:
1、主语
主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme),是句子所述说的主体.它的位置一般在一句之首.可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
A mooncake is a delicious,round cake.
月饼是一种美味的圆饼
2、谓语
谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后.谓语由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成。
It is used by travelers and business people all over the world. 
它被全世界旅行者和商业人员使用。
3、表语
表语是用来说明主语的性质,身份,特征和状态。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语一般放在系动词之后。表语可以由名词,形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任。
My work is teaching English,
我的工作是教英语。
4、宾语
宾语是谓语动作所涉及的对象,它是动作的承受者,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的成分担任,宾语一般放在谓语动词后面。
We think you are right.
我们认为你是对的。
5、定语
用于描述名词,代词,短语或从句的性质,特征范围等情况的词叫做定语,定语可以由名词,形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词,短语担任。如果定语是单个词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面。
The TV set made in that factory is very good.
那个工厂生产的电视机很好。
参考资料来源:搜狗百科-动宾关系

英语句子中,逗号后面什么时候用ing形式

动词加ing形式是把动词改成了动名词比如swim --swimming。
I like to swim.这里swim乃动词。
I like swimmin。这里swimming偏名次属性。
因为英语中,一句话 一般允许一个谓语(动词充当),但一句话不止一个动词,一旦前面一个动词做了谓语 其他动词只好做非谓语(即to do /doing/done)。
例如:JIM喊我去打球这里有2个动词喊和打。
英文翻译为JIM asks me to play ball  (ask做谓语play就只好做非谓语就变成to ask了)。
1、正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing。如:Im playing football。
2.当动词做主语时,要用动名词,即动词加ing。如:Making salad。
3.--些特殊表达.动词后再用动词要用动名词.如:enjoydoingsth。
practice doing sth. mind doing sth. finish doing sth. keep doing sth。等
4、当一个句子已经有一个动词了。
5、一些固定的词和词组后面比如。
feel like doing、risk doing、it is no use doing。
列举一些常见的后面加doing的: keep enjoy excuse practice mind
avoid、appreciate risk consider cant help give up imagine finish、think of suggest hear of be fond of、insist on、aim at。其实就是大多数介词后面
6、表示主动。
7、表示进行。

扩展资料:
动词ing形式变化规则:
1、–ing分词的构成主动形式 被动形式 doing being done 一般式 完成式 having done having been done 否定式:
not+--ing/not having(been) done 不是 having not (been) done。
2.一般式和完成式的用法--ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的一个动作;完成式表示先于谓语动词动作之前的一个动作。
如: Walking along the street, he caught sight of an old friend of his. Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations.
3.---ing分词的被动式当-ing分词与它的逻辑主语构成被动关系时,需要用被动形式。根据-ing 分词动作发生的时间,-ing分词的被动式分为一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done),如:
The question being discussed is very important. Having been praised by the teacher, he works even harder.
4.---ing分词的句法功能:
1)---ing分词作主语 Learning English has become a part of his life. It is no use trying to repair the ship. These holes are much too big. 
2) ---ing分词作宾语 以下动词必须跟---ing分词作宾语:admit/ appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy /excuse/finish/image。
keep/mind/ miss/postpone/put off/practise/risk/stand/ stop/ suggest / give up/cannot help。

英语中v,vi,vt有什么区别

v.是动词的总概念,包括及物动词和不及物动词。
vi是不及物动词,后面不能直接加宾语,句子到此为止,如要加宾语需要用介词。例I arrive. /I arrive in shanghai. 而不能说I arrive shanghai. 
vt是及物动词,可直接加宾语,不能单独使用。I reach shanghai.而不能说I reach.或I reach +prep.+shanghai.


扩展资料:
1)状态系动词
用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)
2)持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:
He always kept silent at meeting.  他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery.  此事仍是一个谜。
3)表像系动词
用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:
He looks tired.  他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad.  他看起来很伤心。
4)感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
5)变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
参考资料:百度百科-动词

什么是英语的复合结构?

动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构是:“物主代词或名词所有格+动名词”这里的物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑上的主语。这种结构通常在句中作主和宾语。如: Mary’s coming late made her teacher angry. 玛丽迟到使她的老师很生气。 Do you mind my smoking? 我可以抽烟吗? 在这种结构,除作主语外,其他不常用物主代词而用人称代词宾格,不用名词所有格而用没有词形变化的的名词。如: I am sure of his coming on time. 我相信我他会准时来的。 He has never heard of a woman being a pilot. 他从来没有听说过女人当飞行员。
with的复合结构
该结构由“名词(代词)+分词(不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语)”构成,在句中作状语或定语,因而可以将其改为具有相应语法功能的句子。
1. 作方式或伴随状语(位于句末)。如:
Don”t talk with your mouth full.
满满一嘴东西不要讲话。
The teacher entered the classroom, with a book in her hand.
老师走进教室,手里拿着一本书。
(= The teacher entered the classroom and she had a book in her hand. )
2. 作时间状语(位于句首或句末)。如:
With his homework finished, he went to see a film.
做完作业后他去看电影了。
(= After his work was finished, he went to see a film. )
The room is very bright with all the lights on.
所有的灯都打开,教室里非常明亮。
3. 作原因状语(位于句首或句末)。如:
I can”t go out, with a lot of homework to do.
我不能出去,因为有很多作业要做。
(= I can”t go out because of a lot of homework to do. )
4. 用作条件状语(位于句首)。如:
With Mary to help me, I can do it better.
假如玛丽帮我的话,我能做得更好。
(= If Mary helps me, I can do it better. )
With time permitting, we”ll visit the Great Wall.
假如时间允许的话,我们将游览长城。
(= If times permits, we”ll visit the Great Wall. )
5. 用作定语(位于被修饰词后)。如:
There were rows of white houses, with trees in front of them.
那里有成排的白色房屋,前面有树。
I like to live in the house with its windows facing the sea.
我喜欢住在窗户面向大海的房子里。

什么是名词性宾语和谓词性宾语

名词性宾语是由名词充当的宾语,谓词性宾语是由动词不定式或动名词来充当的宾语。
宾语,又称受词,是指一个动作(动词)的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类,其中直接宾语指动作的直接对象,间接宾语说明动作的非直接,但受动作影响的对象。一般而言,及物动词后面最少要有一个宾语,而该宾语通常为直接宾语,在英语中用宾格表示,在德语或俄语中用第四格表示。
有些及物动词要求两个宾语,则这两个宾语通常一个为直接宾语,另一个为间接宾语。在德语或俄语里,间接宾语为第三格,直接宾语为第四格。
介系词后面也需要宾语,在德语和俄语中,介系词后面的宾语的格,取决于介系词。
宾语一般用在及物动词的后面,表示行为动词所涉及的对象。
名词作宾语
Show your passport, please.
请出示护照。
代词作宾语
She didnt say anything. 她什么也没说。(此处为不定代词)
数词作宾语
—How many do you want? — I want two.
你要几个?- 我要两个。
—How much milk do you want? — A bottle.
你要多少牛奶?— 一瓶。
名词化的形容词作宾语
They sent the injured to the hospital.
他们把伤员送到医院。
以上这些宾语称为名词性宾语。
不定式或ing形式作宾语
They asked to see my passport. 他们要求看我的护照。
I enjoy working with you. 我和你们一道工作很愉快。
这些宾语称为谓词性宾语。
从句作宾语
Did you write downwhat he said?
你把他的话写下了没有?
在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。在俄语中,宾语从句也叫做说明从句。

在英语中,什么是固定搭配?

词的搭配问题是词汇学习的难点,也是词汇考试的重点。词的主要搭配形式有下列几种情况: 1. 以动词为中心的固定搭配 1)短语动词通常都是由“动词+介词”、“动词+副词”或者“动词+副词+介词”构成的固定搭配(详见上一章)。 2)动词+动词: make believe 假装 let go 放开,松手 let drop /fall (存心)泄露 let fly (at) 向……扔去 hear tell (of) 听人讲起 3)及物动词后作宾语用的动词形式: 有的及物动词,如decide, expect, fail, prepare 等后面常接动词不定式作宾语,而有的及物动词,如admit, advise, consider, finish 等后面只能用动名词作宾语,不能用动词不定式;有的及物动词后既可接动名词,又可接不定式作宾语,意义大体相同,而有的及物动词后虽然既可接动名词,又可接动词不定式作宾语,但意义不同(详见语法部分第二章);有的及物动词,如wish 后可接“宾词+动词不定式”构成的复合宾语,而同义词hope 则不能这样用。 2. 以名词为中心的固定搭配 1)介词+名词: by accident 偶然 by chance 偶然,碰巧 on duty 值日 on foot 步行 in fact 事实上 2)动词+名词: take place 发生 take care 小心 take effect 生效 make a face 做鬼脸 make sense 言之有理 3)动词+名词+介词: attach importance to 重视 do harm to 有害于…… lay emphasis on 强调 make full use of 充分利用 take the place of 代替,取代 4)名词+介词: introduction to 对……的介绍 influence on 对……的影响 attitude to 对……的态度,看法 attention to 注意…… interest in 对……的兴趣 5)介词+名词+介词: by way of 经由 in addition to 除……之外(还) in connection with 关于;有关 in reply to 答复…… on the basis of 根据…… 3. 以形容词为中心的固定搭配 1)形容词+介词: be accustomed to 习惯于 be aware of 意识到 be anxious for 渴望 be combined with 与……结合 be active in 对……积极 2)动词+形容词: let loose 放开,释放 go easy 从容地做(某事) make ready 准备 3)形容词+动词不定式: He is impossible to teach. = It is impossible to teach him. He was anxious to please his guests. =He had a strong wish to please his guests. He was disappointed to hear about it. =To hear about it disappointed him. 4. 其他形式的固定搭配 above all 首先,毕竟 after all 终于,毕竟 in all 总共 not at all 一点也不 anything but 根本不 many a 许多 each other 互相 first of all 首先 leave alone 顺其自然 从上述词的主要搭配形式分类可以看出,英语词的搭配真是纷繁复杂,千变万化。这无数固定搭配形式,是英语在其长期的历史发展过程中,经过千锤百炼而形成的。它们言简意赅,语言生动活泼,从而使英语表达方式既简洁洗练,又丰富多彩。

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